말에서 사료 급여 수준이 분 젖산 생산 박테리아 및 pH 변화에 미치는 영향
The Effects of Different Feeding Levels on the Number of Fecal Lactic Acid-producing Bacteria and Fecal pH in Horses
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본 연구는 말의 다양한 사양체계가 분 젖산 생산 박테리아 및 pH 변화에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위해 수행되었다. 시험 1에서는 농후사료 체중 2% 또는 건초(오챠드그라스) 2%를 30일 동안 급여한 후 분 중 Lactobacillus와 Streptococcus 균 수를 측정했다. 시험 2에서는 사양형태 또는 사료급여 수준에 따른 분 중 pH 변화를 측정했다. 시험 3에서는 알팔파 건초 급여 수준에 의한 분 pH 변화를 측정했다. 고－농후사료의 급여는 분 중 젖산 생산 박테리아인 lactobacillus와 streptococcus의 균 수를 크게 증가시켰다(P<0.05). 농후사료의 급여량을 증가시킴에 따라 분 pH는 유의적으로 감소했다(P<0.01). 알팔파 건초 단독 급여에서는 분 pH가 저하되지 않았으나, 알팔파 건초+농후사료 사양형태에서는 분 pH가 감소되었다(P<0.01). 본 연구 결과, 말에게 농후사료의 다량급여는 장내 젖산생산 박테리아의 활성을 증가시키며, 농후사료 급여량이 증가함에 따라 분 pH를 저하시키고 있음을 알 수 있다. 따라서 말에게 적절한 조사료/농후사료 비율을 유지하고 급여량을 조절하는 것이 필요하다. 또한 분 pH 측정으로 인해 대장 내 상태를 가늠할 수 있고, 분 pH 값을 이용해 사양관리의 지표로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the effects of different feeding levels on the number of fecal lactic acid-producing bacteria and fecal pH in horses. In Exp. 1, 6 female cross-bred horses(332.4±50.4kg, 5 year old) were fed 2% hay or 2% concentrates of BW for 30d, and the number of fecal Lactobacilli and Streptococci was measured. For Exp. 2, 5 castrated Thoroughbred(474.5±64.6kg, 4 year old) and 5 female cross-bred horses(343.6±56.3kg, 5 year old) were allotted to high- or low- concentrates diets(5 levels) for 30 d in a 5×5 Latin square design, and the fecal pH was assessed. In Exp. 3, 3 castrated Thoroughbred(482.6±53.3kg, 4 year old) were fed high- or low-alfalfa hay diets(3 levels) for 30 d in a 3×3 Latin square design, and the fecal pH was measured. Feeding high-concentrates diets increased(P<0.05) the number of fecal lactic acid- producing bacteria(Lactobacilli and Streptococci) and decreased(P<0.01) the fecal pH. Feeding alfalfa hay with high-concentrates diet(2% alfalfa hay+1% concentrates of BW) decreased(P<0.01) the fecal pH. These results showed that feeding high- concentrates diets increased lactic acid-producing bacteria in the large intestine and decreased the intestinal or fecal pH causing colic or laminitis, indicating that the proper fiber/concentrates(1:1) should be maintained in horses.
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