농후사료 급여 수준이 제주산마의 체중 변화, 장내 미생물과 혈액 성상에 미치는 영향
Effect of Concentrate Feed Level on Weight Change, Intestinal Microbiota, and Blood Profiles of Jeju Cross-Bred Horses
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본 연구는 농후사료의 급여수준을 달리하여 제주산마에게 급여하는 경우에 체중 변화, 장내 미생물 조성 및 혈액성상의 변화에 미치는 효과를 구명하기 위하여 수행되었다. 공시축으로 24-36개월의 제주산마(제주마×더러브렛) 14두를 공시하였으며, 농후사료의 급여수준을 체중의 1.5%(5두), 2%(4두)와 2.5%(5두)로 급여하여 봄과 겨울 증체율 및 혈액 특성과 생리적 변화를 조사하였다. 봄에 총 증체량은 1.5%, 2%, 2.5% 급여한 처리구에서 12.6kg, 21.5kg, 29.0kg, 겨울에 총 증체량은 21.6kg, 28.0kg, 42.6kg을 나타냈고, 일당 증체량은 봄에는 0.23kg, 0.39kg, 0.54kg, 겨울에는 0.40kg, 0.52kg, 0.79kg을 나타내어 체중의 2.5%를 섭취한 구에서 높은 경향을 나타내었다. 내독소는 농후사료 과다 섭취에 의해 그람음성균의 세포벽에서 방출되는 물질로 봄에 시행한 시험에서 3주차 때 농후사료를 체중의 2%와 2.5%를 급여한 처리구에서 유의적으로 낮은 결과를 나타내었으나(p<0.05) 이후에는 점차 모든 처리구에서 수치가 비슷해져 적응하는 경향을 보여 모든 처리구가 농후사료 급여에 적응하는 경향을 보였다. 봄에 실시한 실험에서 8주차에 분 pH는 농후사료를 체중의 1.5%, 2%, 2.5% 급여한 처리구에서 각각 6.2, 5.8, 5.7로 나타나 농후사료를 체중의 2%와 2.5%를 급여한 처리구에서 유의적으로 낮은 결과를 나타내었다(p<0.05). 직장온도는 겨울에 실시한 실험에서 8주차에 농후사료를 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%. 급여구에서 각각 37.8℃, 37.9℃, 38.4℃를 나타내어 농후사료 2.5% 급여구에서 직장온도가 유의적으로 높은 수치를 나타내었다(p<0.05). 분내 미생물에서는 셀룰로오스와 탄수화물(구조 탄수화물) 분해에 관여하는 미생물로 알려진 Fibrobacter가 체중의 1.5% 급여했을 경우 총 미생물군에서 2.49%를 차지하였고, 2%와 2.5% 급여구에서는 각각 1.42%와 1.09%를 차지하여 농후사료 급여량이 증가할수록 유의적으로 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 결론적으로 농후사료 2.5%의 급여가 비육마 사육 방법으로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of concentrate feed level on the weight change, intestinal microbiota, and blood profiles of Jeju cross-bred horses. Jeju cross-bred horses, which are from twenty-four months to thirty-six old, were allocated three groups and were investigated by feeding the concentrate feed at 1.5% (n=5), 2% (n=4), and 2.5% (n=5) of their body weight in spring and winter. In spring, the final body weights were 288.60, 324.50, 337.00 in 1.5%, 2%, and 2.5% and its levels were significantly high in the treatment group (p<0.05), which were fed concentrate feed at 2.5% of body weight. In spring, endotoxin, which is known to be released in gram-negative bacteria cell wall in case of eating much concentrate feed, were 2.13, 1.50, and 0.57 in 1.5%, 2%, and 2.5% treatment groups respectively and its levels were significantly low in the treatment group which were fed concentrate feed at 2% and 2.5% of body weight (p<0.05) in the third week. But since then, there were no significant differences. The faecal pH were 6.2, 5.8, 5.7 in 1.5%, 2%, and 2.5% and its levels were significantly low in the treatment group in spring, which were fed concentrate feed at 2% and 2.5% of body weight. In the eighth week of winter, rectal temperature were 37.8, 37.9, and 38.4 in 1.5%, 2%, and 2.5% treatment groups respectively and its levels were significantly high in the treatment group which were fed concentrate feed at 2.5% of body weight (p<0.05). The number of faecal microbiota, such as Fibrobacter involved in the decomposition of cellulose and carbohydrates, were 2.49%, 1.42%, 1.09% in 1.5%, 2%, and 2.5%. It shows significant decrease as the amount of concentrate feed increased. These results suggest that feeding concentrate at 2.5% of body weight might be utilized as a method of fatting in Jeju cross-bred horses.
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