Evaluation of dry feeding and liquid feeding to lactating sows under high temperature environment
2
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Background: Liquid feeding system has been introduced to domestic swine farms, but negative cognition about liquid feeding system has been remained for feed waste decay related with poor management and microbial contamination. For these reasons, this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of feeding method in lactating sows. Methods: A total of 30 mixed-parity (average 4.13) lactating sows (Yorkshire × Landrace) with an initial BW of 218.8 ± 19. 5kg was used in a 3 week trial. Sows were allotted to 1 of 2 treatments in a completely randomized design by their body weight, backfat thickness, parity and alive litter weight. One of treatments was dry feeding and the other was liquid feeding (water to feed ratio, 1:1). Experimental diets contained 3265 kcal ME/kg, 12.6 % CP, 5.76 % EE, 1.09 % total lysine, 0.25 % total methionine, as fed basis. Results: Dry feeding treatment had high body weight loss rather than liquid feeding treatment (P = 0.04). Dry feeding treatment had tendency to increase litter weight at 21d of lactation (P = 0.06) and litter weight gain (P = 0.04) during lactation period (0–3 week). Sows fed dry feeding method made milk containing high content of casein and total solid rather than sows fed liquid feeding method (P = 0.04). In addition, dry feeding treatment had tendency to higher content of milk fat, protein and solid not fat on 21d of lactation (P = 0.07). Sows fed dry feeding type also showed higher milk energy content in milk of 21d lactation (P = 0.05). Furthermore, liquid feeding treatment showed high occurrence in feed waste during lactation period (P <0.01). Conclusion: Dry feeding method was more suitable feeding method to lactating sows under high temperature environment like lactating barn.
Abstract
Background: Liquid feeding system has been introduced to domestic swine farms, but negative cognition about liquid feeding system has been remained for feed waste decay related with poor management and microbial contamination. For these reasons, this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of feeding method in lactating sows. Methods: A total of 30 mixed-parity (average 4.13) lactating sows (Yorkshire × Landrace) with an initial BW of 218.8 ± 19. 5kg was used in a 3 week trial. Sows were allotted to 1 of 2 treatments in a completely randomized design by their body weight, backfat thickness, parity and alive litter weight. One of treatments was dry feeding and the other was liquid feeding (water to feed ratio, 1:1). Experimental diets contained 3265 kcal ME/kg, 12.6 % CP, 5.76 % EE, 1.09 % total lysine, 0.25 % total methionine, as fed basis. Results: Dry feeding treatment had high body weight loss rather than liquid feeding treatment (P = 0.04). Dry feeding treatment had tendency to increase litter weight at 21d of lactation (P = 0.06) and litter weight gain (P = 0.04) during lactation period (0–3 week). Sows fed dry feeding method made milk containing high content of casein and total solid rather than sows fed liquid feeding method (P = 0.04). In addition, dry feeding treatment had tendency to higher content of milk fat, protein and solid not fat on 21d of lactation (P = 0.07). Sows fed dry feeding type also showed higher milk energy content in milk of 21d lactation (P = 0.05). Furthermore, liquid feeding treatment showed high occurrence in feed waste during lactation period (P <0.01). Conclusion: Dry feeding method was more suitable feeding method to lactating sows under high temperature environment like lactating barn.
참고문헌 (22)
- Baidoo SK, "Effect of feed intake during lactation and after weaning on sow reproductive performance", Can J Anim Sci, 72, pp.911~917 (1992)
- Boyd R, "Nutrient uptake and endocrine regulation of milk synthesis by mammary tissue of lactating sows", J Anim Sci, 73, pp.36~56 (1995)
- Dourmad JY, "Effect of body protein and lysine supply on performance, nitrogen balance, and body composition changes of sows during lactation", J Anim Sci, 76, pp.542~550 (1998)
- Yung-Keun Han, "Effects of the Duration of Liquid Feeding on Performance and Nutrient Digestibility in Weaned Pigs", ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES, 19(3), pp.396~401 (2006), 아세아·태평양축산학회
- Kirkwood RN, "The influence of feeding level during lactation on the occurrence and endocrinology of the post weaning estrus in sows", Can J Anim Sci, 67, pp.405~415 (1987)
- Kirkwood RN, "Effect of lactation feed intake and gonadotrophin-releasing hormone on the reproductive performance of sows", Can J Anim Sci, 67, pp.715~719 (1987)
- Koketsu Y, "Influence of feed intake and other factors on the lactational and postweaning reproductive performance of sows", 박사, pp.1994
- Lynch PB, "Factors affecting voluntary feed intake in the sow during the lactation period", 박사, pp.2001
- Mullan BP, "The chemical composition of sows during their first lactation", Anim Prod, 51, pp.375~387 (1990)
- Noblet J, "Metabolic utilization of energy and maintenance requirements in lactating sows", J Anim Sci, 64, pp.774~781 (1987)
- Noblet J, "Estimation of sow milk nutrient output", J Anim Sci, 67, pp.3352~3359 (1989)
- Noblet J, "Energy utilization in pregnant and lactating sows: modeling of energy requirements", J Anim Sci, 68, pp.562~572 (1990)
- NRC, "Predicting Feed Intake of Food Producing Animals" (1987), National Academy Press
- O’Grady JF, "Voluntary feed intake by lactating sows: influence of system of feeding and nutrient density of the diet", Irish J Agri Res, 17, pp.1~5 (1978)
- Peng JJ, "Effect of system of feeding and watering on performance of lactating sows", J Anim Sci, 85, pp.853~860 (2007)
- Pettigrew JE, "Amino acid nutrition of gestating and lactating sows", BioKyowa Tech Rev, 5, pp.2~18 (1993)
- Perrin DR, "The composition of sow’s milk during the course of lactation", J Dairy Res, 21, pp.55~62 (1954)
- Richert BT, "Valine requirement of the high-producing lactating sow", J Anim Sci, 74, pp.1307~1313 (1996)
- Sauber TE, "Maximum lactational capacity of sows with high and low genetic capacity for lean tissue growth", J Anim Sci, 72, pp.364~ (1994)
- Scholten RHJ, "The dose-response effect of fermented liquid wheat on growth performance and gastrointestinal health of weaned piglets", 8th Proc. Symp. Dig. Physiol, pp.246~266 (2000)
- Smith P, "Comparison of dry, wet and soaked meal for fattening bacon pigs", Experimental Husbandry, 30, pp.87~94 (1976)
- Zak LJ, "Pattern of feed intake and associated metabolic and endocrine changes differentially affect postweaning fertility in primiparous lactating sows", J Anim Sci, 75, pp.208~216 (1997)