본문 바로가기
KERD
논문

Immune response and antioxidant status of broilers as influenced by oxidized vegetable oil and pomegranate peel

Mohammad Ghasemi-Sadabadi|Yahya Ebrahimnezhad|Naser Maheri-Sis|Jamshid Ghiasi Ghalehkandi|Abdolahad Shaddel-Teli
한국축산학회 (Korean Society of Animal Sciences and Technology)|2021.09|한국축산학회지 (Journal of Animal Science and Technology)|제63권 제5호|pp. 1034-1063|DOI 10.5187/jast.2021.e99

2

조회

0

다운로드

1

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

BroilerBloodAlpha-tocopherolOxidized oilPomegranate peel
주제분류축산학

초록

The experiment was designed as a 3 × 3 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments, including (i) pomegranate peel (zero, 4%, and 8 percent), (ii) oxidized soybean oil (zero, 2%, and 4 percent), and (iii) alpha-tocopherol (zero and 200 mg/kg). Supplementation of 8% pomegranate peel in diets significantly decreased the growth performance of broiler chickens. The supplementation of 4% oxidized oil in diets significantly reduced body weight gain and Feed intake whole experimental period (p < 0.05). The results showed that supplementation of 4% pomegranate peel in the diet was associated with low aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase, and malondialdehyde (MDA). However, 4% pomegranate peel increased the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities. The supplemental 4% oxidized oil increased the serum AST, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and MDA concentrations. TAC, SOD, and Catalase (CAT) activities were affected by 4% oxidized oil and alpha-tocopherol. The use of oxidized oil and vitamin E decreased MDA concentration. The serum glucose and globulin concentrations were significantly lower in the 8% pomegranate peel. The results showed that supplementation with 4% pomegranate peel in diets reduced serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL). The inclusion of 4% oxidized oil in diets reduced serum glucose and increased the blood lipid concentration such as triglyceride, cholesterol and LDL. Vitamin E supplementation reduced the serum cholesterol and LDL concentrations. The use of 8% pomegranate peel reduced red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin, and packed cell value (PCV). The results indicated that supplementation with 8% pomegranate peel and 4% oxidized oil in diets decreased the immunoglobulin concentration in broilers. In addition, it was found that the inclusion of 4% pomegranate peel in diets resulted in higher IgG, IgM and total immunoglobulin. Pomegranate peel supplementation significantly decreased meat MDA concentration. Supplementation of 4% oxidized oil increased MDA of meat (p < 0.05). Vitamin E supplementation (200 mg/kg) significantly decreased MDA of meat (p < 0.05). Consequently, the results of this experiment showed that supplementation with 4% pomegranate peel had beneficial effects on broiler chickens. It was also found that feeding 2% oxidized oil in diets had no adverse effect on broilers.

Abstract

The experiment was designed as a 3 × 3 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments, including (i) pomegranate peel (zero, 4%, and 8 percent), (ii) oxidized soybean oil (zero, 2%, and 4 percent), and (iii) alpha-tocopherol (zero and 200 mg/kg). Supplementation of 8% pomegranate peel in diets significantly decreased the growth performance of broiler chickens. The supplementation of 4% oxidized oil in diets significantly reduced body weight gain and Feed intake whole experimental period (p < 0.05). The results showed that supplementation of 4% pomegranate peel in the diet was associated with low aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase, and malondialdehyde (MDA). However, 4% pomegranate peel increased the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities. The supplemental 4% oxidized oil increased the serum AST, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and MDA concentrations. TAC, SOD, and Catalase (CAT) activities were affected by 4% oxidized oil and alpha-tocopherol. The use of oxidized oil and vitamin E decreased MDA concentration. The serum glucose and globulin concentrations were significantly lower in the 8% pomegranate peel. The results showed that supplementation with 4% pomegranate peel in diets reduced serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL). The inclusion of 4% oxidized oil in diets reduced serum glucose and increased the blood lipid concentration such as triglyceride, cholesterol and LDL. Vitamin E supplementation reduced the serum cholesterol and LDL concentrations. The use of 8% pomegranate peel reduced red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin, and packed cell value (PCV). The results indicated that supplementation with 8% pomegranate peel and 4% oxidized oil in diets decreased the immunoglobulin concentration in broilers. In addition, it was found that the inclusion of 4% pomegranate peel in diets resulted in higher IgG, IgM and total immunoglobulin. Pomegranate peel supplementation significantly decreased meat MDA concentration. Supplementation of 4% oxidized oil increased MDA of meat (p < 0.05). Vitamin E supplementation (200 mg/kg) significantly decreased MDA of meat (p < 0.05). Consequently, the results of this experiment showed that supplementation with 4% pomegranate peel had beneficial effects on broiler chickens. It was also found that feeding 2% oxidized oil in diets had no adverse effect on broilers.

참고문헌 (84)

  1. I. Goñi, "Effect of Dietary Grape Pomace and Vitamin E on Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, and Susceptibility to Meat Lipid Oxidation in Chickens", Poultry Science, 86(3), pp.508~516 (2007), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  2. Mohammad Ghasemi-Sadabadi, "Determining tolerance of Japanese quail to different dietary fat peroxidation values by supplementation with Rosemary and Aloe Vera on performance and meat quality", Animal Feed Science and Technology, 267, pp.114574~ (2020), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  3. NC Baião, "Oil and fat in broiler nutrition", Revista Brasileira de Ciência Avícola, 7(3), pp.129~141 (2005), FapUNIFESP (SciELO)[DOI]
  4. Arjun Chhetri, "Waste Cooking Oil as an Alternate Feedstock for Biodiesel Production", Energies, 1(1), pp.3~18 (2008), MDPI AG[DOI]
  5. Magdalena Mazur-Kuśnirek, "The effect of polyphenols and vitamin E on the antioxidant status and meat quality of broiler chickens fed low-quality oil", Archives Animal Breeding, 62(1), pp.287~296 (2019), Copernicus GmbH[DOI]
  6. J. Kanner, "Oxidative processes in meat and meat products: Quality implications", Meat Science, 36(1-2), pp.169~189 (1994), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  7. L Tan, "Effect of Oxidized Soybean Oils on Oxidative Status and Intestinal Barrier Function in Broiler Chickens", Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science, 20(2), pp.333~342 (2018), FapUNIFESP (SciELO)[DOI]
  8. Kishawy AT, "Growth performance and immunity of broilers fed rancid oil diets that supplemented with pomegranate peel extract and sage oil", J Vet Res, 64, pp.S31~S38 (2016)
  9. Yusuf Yilmaz, "Major Flavonoids in Grape Seeds and Skins:  Antioxidant Capacity of Catechin, Epicatechin, and Gallic Acid", Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 52(2), pp.255~260 (2004), American Chemical Society (ACS)[DOI]
  10. Abbas RJ, "The effect of using different levels of pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel powder on productive and physiological performance of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)", Livest Res Rural Dev, 29, pp.231~ (2017)
  11. Santhini Elango, "Gallic Acid Isolated from Pomegranate Peel Extract Induces Reactive Oxygen Species Mediated Apoptosis in A549 Cell Line", Journal of Cancer Therapy, 2, pp.16582~ (2011), Scientific Research Publishing, Inc.[DOI]
  12. P. Panichayupakaranant, "Antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic activities of standardised pomegranate rind extract", Food Chemistry, 123(2), pp.400~403 (2010), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  13. Fatma Labib Ahmed Hossin, "Effect of Pomegranate (Punica granatum) Peels and It’s Extract on Obese Hypercholesterolemic Rats", Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 8(8), pp.1251~1257 (2009), Science Alert[DOI]
  14. S. Madrigal-Carballo, "Pomegranate (Punica granatum) supplements: Authenticity, antioxidant and polyphenol composition", Journal of Functional Foods, 1(3), pp.324~329 (2009), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  15. Laura Bravo, "Degradation of polyphenols (catechin and tannic acid) in the rat intestinal tract. Effect on coloic fermentation and faecal output", British Journal of Nutrition, 71(6), pp.933~946 (1994), Cambridge University Press (CUP)[DOI]
  16. Brenes A, "Effect of grape seed extract on growth performance, protein and polyphenol digestibilities, and antioxidant activity in chickens", Span J Agric Res, pp.326~333 (2010)[DOI]
  17. Harwood J, "Handbook of olive oil : analysis and properties" (2000), Springer
  18. A. Hasanzadeh Seyedi, "Using complete diet and Sibbald methods to determine the metabolizable energy of 5 Iranian wheat varieties", Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 22(3), pp.388~395 (2013), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  19. Association of Official Analytical Chemists International, "Official methods of analysis of AOAC International" (2006), AOAC International
  20. Millipore, "Liquid chromatographic analysis of amino acids in foods using a modification of the PICO-TAG method" (1987), Millipore
  21. Hassan Saleh, "Effects of dietary α-tocopherol acetate, pomegranate peel, and pomegranate peel extract on phenolic content, fatty acid composition, and meat quality of broiler chickens", Journal of Applied Animal Research, 45(1), pp.629~636 (2017), Informa UK Limited[DOI]
  22. I.R. Sibbald, "A Bioassay for True Metabolizable Energy in Feedingstuffs", Poultry Science, 55(1), pp.303~308 (1976), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  23. Mohammad Ghasemi-Sadabadi, "The effects of fermented milk products (kefir and yogurt) and probiotic on performance, carcass characteristics, blood parameters, and gut microbial population in broiler chickens", Archives Animal Breeding, 62(1), pp.361~374 (2019), Copernicus GmbH[DOI]
  24. National Research Council, "Nutrient requirements of poultry" (1994), The National Academy Press
  25. Ghasemi-Sadabadi M, "Comparison of using ionophore and non-ionophore coccidiostats on performance, carcass characteristics, blood biochemical parameters and gut microbial flora in broiler chickens", Iran J Appl Anim Sci, 10, pp.693~704 (2019)
  26. M. Mohiti-Asli, "Feeding antioxidant vitamin and vegetable oils to broilers: vitamin E reduced negative effect of soybean oil on immune response and meat lipid oxidation", Animal Production Science, 58(10), pp.1829~1836 (2018), CSIRO Publishing[DOI]
  27. Zümrüt Açıkgöz, "The effects of moderately oxidised dietary oil with or without vitamin E supplementation on performance, nutrient digestibility, some blood traits, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defence of male broilers", Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 91(7), pp.1277~1282 (2011), Wiley[DOI]
  28. H. Singh, "Effects of dietary supplements of selenium, vitamin E or combinations of the two on antibody responses of broilers", British Poultry Science, 47(6), pp.714~719 (2006), Informa UK Limited[DOI]
  29. C Jo, "Fluorometric analysis of 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in turkey", Poultry Science, 77(3), pp.475~480 (1998), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  30. Hugo Aebi, "Catalase in vitro", Methods in Enzymology, 105, pp.121~126 (1984), Elsevier[DOI]
  31. Michael P. Natt, "A New Blood Diluent for Counting the Erythrocytes and Leucocytes of the Chicken", Poultry Science, 31(4), pp.735~738 (1952), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  32. Benjamin MM, "Outline of veterinary clinical pathology" (1978), Iowa State University Press
  33. Ahmad Esmaillzadeh, "Cholesterol-Lowering Effect of Concentrated Pomegranate Juice Consumption in Type II Diabetic Patients with Hyperlipidemia", International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research, 76(3), pp.147~151 (2006), Hogrefe Publishing Group[DOI]
  34. Delhanty JJ, "The nature of antibodies to goat erythrocytes in the developing chicken", Immunology, 11, pp.103~113 (1966)
  35. SAS Institute, "Base SAS 9. 4 procedures guide" (2015), SAS Institute
  36. H. Saleh, "Antioxidant status and thigh meat quality of broiler chickens fed diet supplemented with α-tocopherolacetate, pomegranate pomace and pomegranate pomace extract", Italian Journal of Animal Science, 17(2), pp.386~395 (2018), Informa UK Limited[DOI]
  37. RICARDA M. ENGBERG, "Inclusion of Oxidized Vegetable Oil in Broiler Diets. Its Influence on Nutrient Balance and on the Antioxidative Status of Broilers", Poultry Science, 75(8), pp.1003~1011 (1996), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  38. M.A. Tavárez, "Effect of antioxidant inclusion and oil quality on broiler performance, meat quality, and lipid oxidation", Poultry Science, 90(4), pp.922~930 (2011), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  39. Abdel Baset S, "Effect of different levels of pomegranate peel powder and probiotic supplementation on growth, carcass traits, blood serum metabolites, antioxidant status and meat quality of broilers", Anim Biotechnol, pp.1~11 (2020)[DOI]
  40. Yih-Fwu Lin, "Maternal Vitamin E Supplementation Affects the Antioxidant Capability and Oxidative Status of Hatching Chicks", The Journal of Nutrition, 135(10), pp.2457~2461 (2005), Oxford University Press (OUP)[DOI]
  41. Saleh H, "Effects of natural antioxidant on the immune response, antioxidant enzymes and hematological broilers chickens", Iran Vet J, 11, pp.67~79 (2015)[DOI]
  42. D. Yesilbag, "Effects of dietary rosemary, rosemary volatile oil and vitamin E on broiler performance, meat quality and serum SOD activity", British Poultry Science, 52(4), pp.472~482 (2011), Informa UK Limited[DOI]
  43. Arti R. Verma, "In vitro and in vivo antioxidant properties of different fractions of Moringa oleifera leaves", Food and Chemical Toxicology, 47(9), pp.2196~2201 (2009), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  44. Ana Faria, "Effect of pomegranate (Punica granatum) juice intake on hepatic oxidative stress", European Journal of Nutrition, 46(5), pp.271~278 (2007), Springer Science and Business Media LLC[DOI]
  45. Eunice A. Akuru, "Effect of pomegranate (Punica granatum L) peel powder meal dietary supplementation on antioxidant status and quality of breast meat in broilers", Heliyon, 6(12), pp.e05709~ (2020), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  46. G.F. Zhang, "Effects of ginger root (Zingiber officinale) processed to different particle sizes on growth performance, antioxidant status, and serum metabolites of broiler chickens", Poultry Science, 88(10), pp.2159~2166 (2009), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  47. Tomohide Hori, "Oxidative stress and extracellular matrices after hepatectomy and liver transplantation in rats", World Journal of Hepatology, 6(2), pp.72~84 (2014), Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.[DOI]
  48. João Paulo Rodrigues Bueno, "Effect of age and cyclical heat stress on the serum biochemical profile of broiler chickens", Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 38(3), pp.1383~1392 (2017), Universidade Estadual de Londrina[DOI]
  49. Rebecca M. Delles, "Dietary antioxidant supplementation enhances lipid and protein oxidative stability of chicken broiler meat through promotion of antioxidant enzyme activity", Poultry Science, 93(6), pp.1561~1570 (2014), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  50. Surai PF, "Antioxidant Defence Systems and Oxidative Stress in Poultry Biology: An Update", Antioxidants, 8(7), pp.235~ (2019), MDPI AG[DOI]
  51. J.-Q. Pan, "Effects of early feed restriction and cold temperature on lipid peroxidation, pulmonary vascular remodelling and ascites morbidity in broilers under normal and cold temperature", British Poultry Science, 46(3), pp.374~381 (2005), Informa UK Limited[DOI]
  52. K. Z. Mahmoud, "Effect of vitamin A and", or E on plasma enzymatic antioxidant systems and total antioxidant capacity of broiler chickens challenged with carbon tetrachloride, 2007, pp.91(7-8), 333~340[DOI]
  53. James Allen Olson, "Benefits and Liabilities of Vitamin A and Carotenoids", The Journal of Nutrition, 126(suppl_4), pp.1208S~1212S (1996), Oxford University Press (OUP)[DOI]
  54. Mine İnal, "Antioxidant status and lipid peroxidation in hemodialysis patients undergoing erythropoietin and erythropoietin-vitamin E combined therapy", Free Radical Research, 31(3), pp.211~216 (1999), Informa UK Limited[DOI]
  55. E. Tekce, "Effects of an Essential Oil Mixture Added to Drinking Water for Temperature-Stressed Broilers: Performance, Meat Quality, and Thiobarbituric Acid-Reactive Substances", Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 29(1), pp.77~84 (2020), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  56. Sahin K, "Vitamin C and E can alleviate negative effects of heat stress in Japanese quails", J Food Agric Environ, 1, pp.244~249 (2003)[DOI]
  57. T HUANG, "Anti-diabetic action of flower extract: Activation of PPAR-γ and identification of an active component", Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 207(2), pp.160~169 (2005), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  58. J. Rajani, "Control of ascites mortality and improved performance and meat shelf-life in broilers using feed adjuncts with presumed antioxidant activity", Animal Feed Science and Technology, 170(3-4), pp.239~245 (2011), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  59. S. Smulikowska, "Tannin content affects negatively nutritive value of pea for monogastrics", Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences, 10(3), pp.511~523 (2001), The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, PAS[DOI]
  60. F. Marzo, "Liver Proteolytic Activity in Tannic Acid-Fed Birds", Poultry Science, 81(1), pp.92~94 (2002), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  61. Asmaa TY Kishawy, "The impact of dietary linseed oil and pomegranate peel extract on broiler growth, carcass traits, serum lipid profile, and meat fatty acid, phenol, and flavonoid contents", Animal Bioscience, 32(8), pp.1161~1171 (2019), 아세아·태평양축산학회[DOI]
  62. Rajabian T, "Effect of pomegranate fruit juice and seed oil on serum lipid levels and atherosclerosis development in hypercholesterolemic rabbits", J Med Plants, 7, pp.93~104 (2008)
  63. Claudine Manach, "Polyphenols: food sources and bioavailability", The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 79(5), pp.727~747 (2004), Oxford University Press (OUP)[DOI]
  64. Samooel Jung, "Effect of dietary mixture of gallic acid and linoleic acid on antioxidative potential and quality of breast meat from broilers", Meat Science, 86(2), pp.520~526 (2010), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  65. S.H. Lee, "Effects of tannic acid supplementation on growth performance, blood hematology, iron status and faecal microflora in weanling pigs", Livestock Science, 131(2-3), pp.281~286 (2010), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  66. Bülent Bayraktar, "Effect of the addition of essential fatty acid mixture to the drinking water of the heat stress broilers on adipokine (Apelin, BDNF) response, histopathologic findings in liver and intestines, and some blood parameters", Italian Journal of Animal Science, 19(1), pp.656~666 (2020), Informa UK Limited[DOI]
  67. Nadya Khan-Merchant, "Oxidized Fatty Acids Promote Atherosclerosis Only in the Presence of Dietary Cholesterol in Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor Knockout Mice", The Journal of Nutrition, 132(11), pp.3256~3262 (2002), Oxford University Press (OUP)[DOI]
  68. Arslan M, "The effects of vitamin E on some blood parameters in broilers", Turk J Vet Anim Sci, 25, pp.711~716 (2001)
  69. Franchini A, "High doses of vitamin E in the turkey diet", Arch Geflügelkunde, 54, pp.6~10 (1990)
  70. Terrance L. Smith, "Effect of dietary vitamin E on plasma lipids and atherogenesis in restricted ovulator chickens", Atherosclerosis, 75(2-3), pp.105~109 (1989), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  71. Yuan Wu, "Immunomodulatory and antioxidant effects of pomegranate peel polysaccharides on immunosuppressed mice", International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 137, pp.504~511 (2019), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  72. Nicole M Delimont, "The Impact of Tannin Consumption on Iron Bioavailability and Status: A Narrative Review", Current Developments in Nutrition, 1(2), pp.1~12 (2017), Oxford University Press (OUP)[DOI]
  73. Qiong Guo, "Studies on protective mechanisms of four components of green tea polyphenols against lipid peroxidation in synaptosomes", Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Lipids and Lipid Metabolism, 1304(3), pp.210~222 (1996), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  74. Kumar KP, "Effect of supplementing pomegranate(Punica granatum)peel extract on serum biochemical parameters and immune response in broilers during summer", Pharm Innov J, 7, pp.591~601 (2018)
  75. Pertiwi H, "Blood parameter profile and helminthiasis identificationon in sheep fed with diets rich in polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)", Indian Vet J, 96, pp.11~13 (2019)
  76. Bayraktar B, "Effects of varying essential oil mixture concentrations applied underconditions of different temperature stress on cardiac markers and other blood parameters", Braz J Poult Sci, 21 (2019)[DOI]
  77. Şenay Sarıca, "The use of grape seed-, olive leaf- and pomegranate peel-extracts as alternative natural antimicrobial feed additives in broiler diets", Eur Poult Sci, 80, pp.1~13 (2016), Verlag Eugen Ulmer[DOI]
  78. Chun-Yi Ng, "Involvement of Inflammation and Adverse Vascular Remodelling in the Blood Pressure Raising Effect of Repeatedly Heated Palm Oil in Rats", International Journal of Vascular Medicine, 2012, pp.1~10 (2012), Hindawi Limited[DOI]
  79. R. Gracious Ross, "Immunomodulatory activity of Punica granatum in rabbits—a preliminary study", Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 78(1), pp.85~87 (2001), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  80. Muhammad Saeed, "The Promising Pharmacological Effects and Therapeutic", Medicinal Applications of Punica Granatum L. (Pomegranate) as a Functional Food in Humans and Animals, 2018, pp.12(1), 24~38[DOI]
  81. Rahel Ackermann-Gäumann, "Comparison of three commercial IgG and IgM ELISA kits for the detection of tick-borne encephalitis virus antibodies", Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases, 9(4), pp.956~962 (2018), Elsevier BV[DOI]
  82. Abdel‐Moneim E. Abdel‐Moneim, "The role of polyphenols in poultry nutrition", Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 104(6), pp.1851~1866 (2020), Wiley[DOI]
  83. Fayiz M. Reda, "Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Biological Curcumin Nanoparticles on Growth and Carcass Traits, Antioxidant Status, Immunity and Caecal Microbiota of Japanese Quails", Animals, 10(5), pp.754~ (2020), MDPI AG[DOI]
  84. J.J. Dibner, "Feeding of oxidized fats to broilers and swine: effects on enterocyte turnover, hepatocyte proliferation and the gut associated lymphoid tissue", Animal Feed Science and Technology, 62(1), pp.1~13 (1996), Elsevier BV[DOI]

관련 논문AI추천

The impact of dietary linseed oil and pomegranate peel extract on broiler growth, carcass traits, serum lipid profile, and meat fatty acid, phenol, and flavonoid contentsAsmaa TY Kishawy, Ayman A. Swelum, Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack, MOHAMEDISLAM MOHAMED SAAD ELDIN, Shimaa A Amer아세아·태평양축산학회 · Animal Bioscience2019 · 제32권 제8호Effects of dietary supplementation with rice bran oil on the growth performance, blood parameters, and immune response of broiler chickensChan Ho Kim, Hwan Ku Kang한국축산학회 · 한국축산학회지2016 · 제58권 제3호A Comparison of Natural (D-α-tocopherol) and Synthetic (DL-α-tocopherol Acetate) Vitamin E Supplementation on the Growth Performance, Meat Quality and Oxidative Status of BroilersH. Zhang, K. Cheng, L.L. Zhang, M. Zhang, T. Wang, X.C. Zheng, X.X. Huang, Y.M. Zhou, Y. Niu, Y.P. Chen아세아·태평양축산학회 · Animal Bioscience2016 · 제29권 제5호Dietary Vitamin E Influences the Levels of Nitric Oxide and Cytokines in Broiler ChickensJian-xiong Xu, Jing Wang, Tian Wang, Xiao-lian Chen아세아·태평양축산학회 · Animal Bioscience2011 · 제24권 제10호Effects of dietary onion (Allium cepa) extract supplementation on performance, apparent total tract retention of nutrients, blood profile and meat quality of broiler chicks오상집, 장성훈, Musabbir Ahammed, Siska Aditya아세아·태평양축산학회 · Animal Bioscience2017 · 제30권 제2호Lysolecithins improved growth performance, nutrient digestibility, immunity, and antioxidant ability in broiler chickensCai Yuanli, Gao Lu, Song Bochen, Song Zhigang아세아·태평양축산학회 · Animal Bioscience2024 · 제37권 제8호

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (19건)

Effect on health from consumption of meat and meat productsSeung Yun Lee, Sun-Jin Hur, Da Young Lee, Jong Youn Jeong, Cheorun Jo, Yohan Yoonpp. 955-976Association of the ubiquitin specific peptidase 9X -linked and Afadin expression patterns with sexual maturation in boar testis홍준기, 하승민, Eun Seok Cho, 정학재, Soo-Jin Sa, 백선영, 김영신, 이승훈, 김경운pp. 977-983DNA damage repair is suppressed in porcine aged oocytesSo Yeon Kim, Jae-Eun Lee, Ling Sun, Dong Il Jin, Tao Linpp. 984-997Effect of deep-sea mineral water on growth performance, water intake, blood characteristics and serum immunoglobulins in the growingfinishing pigsChoon Keun Park, 이상희pp. 998-1007Effect of fattening period on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and economic traits of Holstein steersYoung Min Jo, 박승권, Sung Il Kim, Jeong Hwan Myung, Keun Ki Jung, Chang Bon Choipp. 1008-1017
원문 보기