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초임 과학교사의 반성적 실천을 위한 협력적 멘토링의 효과

The Effect of Cooperative Mentoring on Beginning Science Teachers' Reflective Practice

최정희|남정희|이순덕|고문숙
한국과학교육학회 (The Korean Association for Science Education)|2009.08|한국과학교육학회지 (Journal of the Korean Association for Science Education)|제29권 제5호|pp. 564-579

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참고문헌

주제분류교육학

초록

이 연구에서는 교수행위에 대한 반성적 사고와 반성적 실천을 유도하는 협력적 멘토링 프로그램을 통하여 초임 과학교사의 수업 및 인식에 있어서의 변화를 알아보았다. 이 연구에서 개발한 협력적 멘토링 프로그램은 교수피드백, 세미나와 워크숍, 자기평가, 협의회의 4개 영역으로 구성되었다. 연구참여자는 3명의 멘토교사와 박사․석사과정에 있는 교사 2명, 대학교수 1명, 3명의 멘티교사 등 총 9명으로 구성되었다. 멘토링 과정에서 멘티수업 녹화본 및 전사본, 학습지도안, 일대일 멘토링 녹음 및 전사본, 멘토 저널과 멘티 저널, RTOP 교수관찰지 등의 자료를 수집하였다. 수업의 분석은 RTOP을 이용하였으며, 멘티교사의 수업에 있어서의 인식과 변화는 저널과 일대일 멘토링 면담자료를 통해 알아보았다. 2회에 걸친 멘토링 과정에서 나타난 멘티들의 수업에 대한 인식과 변화를 살펴보면, 자신의 교사위주의 강의식 수업과 오개념 및 교과내용지식의 부족 등에 대한 문제점을 스스로 인식하였다. 또한 효과적인 발문기술의 부족 및 적절하지 못한 교수언어 사용 등에 대한 교수기술 및 태도 측면과 평가의 전문성 부족, 학습공동체 구현 등의 교실문화 측면에 대한 문제점을 반성하고 이를 개선, 실행하려는 반성적 실천을 통해 실제 수업에서의 변화를 보여주었다. 이 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 볼 때, 협력적 멘토링 과정을 통해서 초임 과학교사의 반성에 의한 반성적 실천에서 일부의 변화가 있었으나, 반성의 요소가 모두 반성적 실천으로 이어진 것은 아니었다. 이는 단기간의 멘토링을 통해서는 멘티교사의 반성적 실천을 이끌어내기가 어려움을 시사한다. 따라서 초임 과학교사의 교수의 전문성 발달을 위해서는 체계적이고 중장기적인 멘토링이 필요하다고 본다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the change in the classes of the beginning science teachers through a cooperative mentoring program that induces the practice of reflective thinking. Participants in this study included three mentor-teachers, two teachers in doctorate or masters courses, one university professor, and three mentee-teachers who had less than four years of teaching experience. We collected data such as video recordings of mentee-teachers' classes and transcription, lesson plans, recording of one-on-one mentoring and transcription, mentor's and mentee's journals, and RTOP class observation reports. RTOP was used for the class analysis, and the cognition and changes in mentee-teachers' classes were determined from their journal entries and one-on-one mentoring interview materials. According to mentee-teachers' recognition of changes in their classes during the mentoring program, they themselves recognized their teacher-centered teaching styles, misconception, and lack of content knowledge. Furthermore, there were changes in the mentee-teachers' classes through their reflective practice and improvement. Based on the result of this study, however, the teachers' reflection was not all accompanied with reflective practice even if the beginner science teachers made some partial changes in reflective practice by reflection. This means that it is hard to instill a reflective practice in mentee-teachers through mentoring in a short period. Therefore, we consider that more systematic and long-term mentoring is necessary for beginner science teachers.

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