금융 클라우드의 데이터 국지화에 대한 비판적 고찰
A Critical Review on Data Localization in the Financial Cloud
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초록
정부는 2019년 1월 금융 분야의 클라우드 이용 활성화를 위해 전자금융감독규정을 개정하였다. 하지만 클라우드정책 및 규제들이 금융회사들의 자율적인 보안활동을 저해하거나 국민의 기본권을 일부 제한할 수 있어 금융권에서는중요정보를 클라우드로 이용하려는 움직임이 거의 나타나지 않고 있다. 또한, 중요정보는 국내에만 두도록 하는 데이터 국지화 정책은 클라우드 이용 활성화를 가로막는 대표적인 규제이며, 이는 해외 사업자에 대한 차별문제도 야기시킨다. 따라서 데이터를 통해 디지털 금융혁신 기반을 제공할 클라우드를 활성화하기 위한 정책 및 규제 개선이 필요하다. 본 연구는 국내외 금융회사에 대한 클라우드 정책현황을 알아보고 국내 금융회사에 대한 정책 및 규제들을 분석하였다. 이를 통해 국내 금융회사에 대한 클라우드 정책의 한계와 문제점을 도출하고 금융회사의 클라우드 이용 활성화를 위한 데이터 국지화 규제 개선방안 등 정책적 대안을 제시하고자 한다.
Abstract
In January 2019, the government revised the regulation on electronic financial supervision to revitalize the use of cloud inthe financial sector. However, as cloud policies and regulations cloud undermine financial firms’ autonomous securityactivities or restrict some of the people’s basic rights, there has been little movement in the financial sector to use importantinformation as the cloud. In addition, the data localization policy, which requires important information to be kept only inKorea, is a representative regulation that prevents the revitalization of cloud use, which also creates discrimination problemsfor overseas operators. Therefore, policy and regulatory improvements are needed to enable the cloud to provide afoundation for digital financial innovation through data. This study looked into the current status of cloud policies fordomestic and foreign financial companies and analyzed policies and regulations for domestic financial companies. Throughthese efforts, the government aims to draw up limitations and problems in cloud policies for domestic financial companiesand propose policy alternatives, such as measures to improve regulations on localizing data for financial companies torevitalize their use of cloud.
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