과체중 유⋅무 및 성별에 따른 대학생의 체형인식, 신체활동정도, 정신건강, 건강생활행태
A Comparison Analysis of Somatotype, Physical Activity, Mental Health, Healthy Behavior between Normal Weight and Overweight College Students in Korea
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초록
연구배경 대학생을 위한 효율적인 건강증진 프로그램 개발을 위한 기초자료를 제공하기 위해 성별 및 과체중 유·무에 따른 운동행태(체력), 식이행태(영양), 신체활동량, 정신건강상태의 차이를 알아보고, 체질량지수에 의한 실질적 체형과 자신이 지각하는 체형, 그리고 원하는 체형간의 차이를 비교·조사하였다. 방 법 서울소재 일개 대학교에서 184명의 연구참여자를 모집하였다. 사회 인구학적 질문지, 신체외형도, 우울, 불안, 스트레스 척도, 국제 신체활동 설문지 축소형 (한국어판), 건강생활행태 설문지중 운동 및 영양 하위척도를 사용되었다. 자료는 SPSS 12.0을 이용하여 분석하였다. 결 과 남녀 대학생의 과체중 비율은 남학생이 여학생보다 유의하게 높게 나타났다. 학생들은 자신의 체형을 실제보다 뚱뚱하다고 지각하고 있었으며, 특히 과체중군은 실질적인 체형보다 유의하게 더 비만한 것으로 지각하고 있었다. 우울⋅불안⋅스트레스에 대한 정신건강은 정상체중군과 과체중군간에 유의한 차이가 없었으나, 여학생들이 남학생에 비해 더 많은 우울, 불안, 스트레스를 경험하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 과체중군이 일상생활에서 정상체중군에 비해 보다 많은 신체활동을 하고 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 결 론 본 연구의 결과는 향후 개발될 대학생을 위한 건강증진 프로그램 개발을 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.
Abstract
Background This study examined the relationships among somatotype, body mass index (BMI), healthy behavior, and psychological factors in Korean male and female college students with/ without overweight. Methods A cross-sectional, correlational design was used with an exploratory survey methodology through self-report questionnaires. Participants (n=184) were recruited from a university, in Seoul, Korea. Inclusion criteria were Korean college students: (1) aged 18 to 29, and (2) being able to access to a computer. Participants were asked to complete four web-based questionnaires. Data were analyzed using SPSS 12.0 for windows. Results Female students and/or overweight students perceived a higher somatotype level than their real somatotype level based on the BMI. Female students reported higher depression, anxiety, and stress than males. However, there were no gender differences in terms of physical activity, physical fitness, and nutrition. Unexpectedly, obese students did more physical activity than the non-obese counterparts did. Conclusions This study provides reseachers with basic information to develop a client based health promotion program for college students.
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