대학생의 BMI 집단별 여가스포츠 참가, 신체상 및 정신건강의 인과관계 검증
Examination of Causal Relationship of Leisure Sports Participation, Body image, Mental Health for College Students : Examining Differences across Underweight, Normal, and Overweight Groups
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본 연구의 목적은 대학생의 BMI 집단별로 여가스포츠 참가가 신체상 및 정신건강에 미치는 인과관계를 파악하는 것이다. 이 같은 연구목적을 달성하기 위하여 본 연구에서는 온라인전문 설문업체를 통해 전국지역에 소재한 남녀 대학생 총 1,260명을 표집하여 연구를 수행하였다. 주요 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 외모지향성을 제외한 모든 변인(여가스포츠 참가, 긍정적 외모평가, 신체만족도 및 삶의 만족도)에서 남학생의 평균이 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 과체중 집단의 경우 저체중 및 정상체중 집단에 비해 여가스포츠 참가 빈도가 더 높게 나타났다. 또한 신체만족도는 저체중, 정상체중, 과체중 집단의 순으로 높게 나타났다. 셋째, 저체중 집단의 연구모형 검증결과, 대학생의 삶의 만족도에 대한 여가스포츠 참가의 효과는 입증되지 않았다. 한편 긍정적 외모평가는 삶의 만족을 높이는 주요한 영향변인 임이 밝혀졌다. 넷째, 정상체중 집단의 연구모형 검증결과, 대학생의 신체만족도 및 삶의 만족도에 대한 여가스포츠 참가의 긍정적 효과성이 입증되었다. 다섯째, 과체중 집단의 연구결과에서도 역시 대학생의 신체만족도나 삶의 만족도에 대한 여가스포츠 참가의 긍정적 효과성이 입증되었다. 즉, 여가스포츠 참가 빈도가 높을수록 대학생들은 긍정적 외모평가를 하였으며, 이러한 영향력은 정상체중 집단보다도 더 높게 나타났다. 이같이 형성된 긍정적 외모평가는 다시 높은 신체만족도와 삶의 만족으로 이어졌다.
Abstract
The main goal of the current study is to identify the causal relationship between physical and/or mental health and leisure sports activity of college students according to BMI classification of college students. For this goal, the study conducted nationwide surveys over 1,260 male and female college students via online. The main results of this study are as follows. First, male students show higher performances than female students in every variable except the variable that captures the appearance-oriented attitude. The other variables are leisure sports participation, positive appearance evaluation, body satisfaction, and life satisfaction. Second, for the overweight group students, they attended leisure sports activities more frequently than low-weight group students. Also, body satisfaction was high in the order of low-, normal-, and overweight group students. Third, for low-weight group students, there was no certain relationship between life satisfaction and the effects of leisure sports participation. On the other hand, positive appearance evaluation increases life satisfaction. Fourth, for normal-weight group students, leisure sports participation is positively effective for body and life satisfactions. Fifth, the fourth result was also valid for overweight group students. That is, they evaluated their appearance more positively as they attended leisure sports activity more frequently. Furthermore, this relationship was stronger than normal-weight group students, and this positive appearance was led to high body and life satisfactions.
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