마음챙김 훈련의 체중 조절 효과에 대한 구조화된 문헌고찰
A Structured Literature Review on the Role of Mindfulness Intervention in Weight Control
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체중 감량과 식이장애 교정에서 마음챙김 훈련에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있다. 일반적인 비만 치료로는 생활습관 교정, 약물 치료 및 수술적 치료가 있으며, 대부분 치료 효과가입증되어 있고 임상적으로 많이 사용되고 있지만, 치료 효과에 대한 개인차가 크다. 또한 비만 치료의 장기 효과는 불확실하기 때문에 새로운 치료법에 대한 요구가 있다. 더구나스트레스성 폭식 또는 식이장애가 있는 경우 체중 감량이 어렵고, 체중 감량 이후에도 체중이 다시 증가할 가능성이 높다. 체중 감소와 정서적 식이장애에 대한 초기 연구에서 마음챙김 훈련 치료는 효과가 있었다. 본 연구에서 구조화된문헌 리뷰를 통하여 마음챙김 훈련 중재 연구에서 체중 감소와 식이장애에 대한 효과를 평가하였다. 19개 문헌을 리뷰한결과 순응도가 좋았던 대상자에서 정서적 폭식 또는 식이장애에 대해 마음챙김 훈련이 효과가 있었지만 체중 감량 효과는 복합적이었다. 리뷰한 대부분 논문이 소규모 연구이므로체중 감량/식이장애에 대한 마음챙김 훈련의 장기 효과를확인하기 위해서는 대규모 연구가 필요하다.
Abstract
Mindfulness training is growing in popularity as an adjunctive intervention in disordered eating and weight loss. Lifestyle modification, pharmacologic treatment, and surgical intervention have been widely used for weight reduction in obese persons, but these modifications are sometimes insufficient. In particular, stress-induced eating and binge-eating disorder have been frequently associated with increased risk of regaining weight. Initial research suggests that mindfulness training may be an effective intervention for binge eating. In this article, we reviewed 19 studies that investigated mindfulness training as an intervention for weight change and/or emotional eating. Results suggest that mindfulness training effectively decreases emotional eating in persons with good adherence to the training; evidence for its effect on weight reduction, however, is mixed. Further large-scale studies are warranted to explore the effectiveness of mindfulness training on long-term weight loss and emotional eating in persons with obesity.
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