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음식문화의 소수자로서 채식주의자의 식사경험에 대한 통합적 문헌고찰: 질적 연구를 중심으로

An Integrative Review on Dining Experiences of Vegetarians as a Minority Food Culture: Based on Qualitative Research

김상희|박민경|김쟈스민
대한임상건강증진학회 (Korean Society For Health Promotion And Disease Prevention)|2022.06|Korean Journal of Health Promotion|제22권 제2호|pp. 68-83

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질적 연구Qualitative researchDiet음식ReviewFood채식주의자문헌 검토식사Vegetarians
주제분류기타자연과학

초록

연구배경: 채식주의 식단의 건강 유익성이 강조되고, 기후변화에 대한 육류 소비의 기여와 그로 인한 건강 유해성에대한 관심이 높아지고 있음에도 채식주의자의 식사경험을이해하기 위한 연구는 거의 수행되지 않았다. 본 연구는 음식문화 소수자로서 채식주의자의 식사경험을 탐구한 질적연구를 분석하고 평가함으로써 음식문화 소수자의 어려움을 이해하고 이를 극복하기 위한 대안 마련 전략을 모색하고자 한다. 방법: 본 연구는 질적 연구논문을 통합적 고찰 방법으로분석한 문헌분석 연구이다. Whittemore와 Knafl의 지침에따라 연구 문제 규정, 문헌 검색, 문헌 평가, 문헌 분석, 문헌제시의 5단계로 검토를 시행하였다. 결과: 검색된 413개의 논문 중 12개의 연구가 선택기준을충족하였다. 채식주의자의 식사경험과 관련된 세 가지 특성이 도출되었다: (1) 건강해진다고 느낌, (2) 정체성을 확립함, (3) 건강한 식생활로의 전환. 검토 결과 채식주의자가 채식주의 식단을 유지하는 데 겪는 어려움의 많은 부분이 비채식인과의 관계로 인한 것이며, 채식주의자는 비채식주의자와 긍정적으로 상호작용하기 위해 다양한 협상 전략을 사용하고 있었다. 결론: 본 연구는 채식주의자에게 채식주의 식단은 그들의정체성을 반영하는 삶의 방식이며, 더 건강한 삶을 위한 중요한 전환이라는 것을 발견하였다. 음식 문화의 소수자로서채식주의자들의 식사 경험이 어떠한지 이해하고 그들이 직면한 어려움에 대한 대안을 고려함으로써 건강한 식사경험으로의 전환을 촉진해야 한다

Abstract

Background: Despite the emphasis on the health benefits of a vegetarian diet and growing interest in the contribution of meat consumption to climate change and the resulting health hazards, few studies have been conducted to understand the vegetarian dining experience. The purpose of this study was to analyze characteristics of qualitative research on dining experiences for vegetarians, and to suggest development directions for understanding and coping with it. Methods: An integrative review method was used. Based on Whittemore & Knafl’s approach, five steps were applied. Results: Of the 413 articles initially retrieved from the electronic databases, 12 studies met the selection criteria. Three characteristics related to the dining experiences of vegetarians were derived: (1) feeling healthy, (2) establishing identity, and (3) transition to healthy diet. Results emphasize that many of the difficulties that vegetarians face in maintaining a vegetarian diet are due to relationships with non-vegetarians, and vegetarians use various negotiation strategies to positively interact with non-vegetarians. Conclusions: This review found that for vegetarians, a vegetarian diet is a lifestyle that reflects their identity and is an important transition for a healthier life. As a minority in the food culture, there is a need to promote the transition to a healthy dining experience by understanding what the dining experience of vegetarians is like and considering alternatives to the difficulties they face

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