『史記』對孔子的評價及其意義―孔子繫年文獻累書現象與司馬遷“尊孔”論研究
Discuss on repeated writing of Confucius chronological documents and “Confucius prime” in Historical Records
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초록
本文对《史记》中孔子系年文献的重复书写的现象做了研究，本文认为司马迁并非是为了尊重孔子才对孔子的某一事件重复记载。由于《史记》是整理许多先秦列国的零散的文献而来，这些文献本身存在着对孔子相关事情记载的重复现象。司马迁对孔子的尊敬则主要表现在对孔子学识和高尚道德两方面的敬重。司马迁将身份普通的孔子写入了记录诸侯历史的“世家”部分，这是对孔子尊敬的一个重要表现方式。但笔者本文论证了，这并不是司马迁来论述前人的“孔子素王”主张，司马迁将孔子写入世家其目的主要是为了申明自己司马家族也是应该被记载入“世家”的。
Abstract
This paper studies on the repeated writing in Confucius chronological documents, which believes that Sima Qian didn’t write a certain event of Confucius repeatedly for respecting. Because the Historical Records is made up by many collected documents from various pre-Qin countries, there are many repeated events about Confucius existed in these documents themselves. Sima Qian showed his respect mainly towards Confucius’s knowledge and noble morality, and he put Confucius who was with the ordinary status in the “old and well-known family” part which recorded the history of dukes. This was an important way to show the respect towards Confucius. The author of this paper proofs that this is not that Sima Qian wanted to discuss the “Confucius prime” idea of previous people. The reason why Sima Qian put Confucius in the “old and well-known family” part, however, was to declare that Sima family should also be put in the “old and well-known family” part.
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