지체장애인 클럽스포츠 참여 Empowerment 측정하위 구성 item 탐색을 위한 연구
The Determination of Empowerment of People with Physical Impairment Participating Community Sport Activities
0
조회
0
다운로드
21
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
본 연구는 지체장애인의 클럽스포츠 참여 임파워먼트 형성을 이해하기 위한 현상학적 연구이다. 구체적으로 클럽 스포츠에 지속적으로 참여하는 지체장애인들을 대상으로 그 들이 클럽스포츠 참여과정을 통해 소외 되었던 자신의 역량이 강화되는 임파워먼트를 어 떻게 느끼고 경험하였는지, 그러한 경험이 내포하고 있는 공통된 경험의 구조와 그 하위 구성 개념들이 무엇인가를 개인적 수준, 집단적 수준, 사회적 수준에서 체계적으로 해석 및 도출하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 7종목 클럽스포츠에 지속적으로 참여하는 17명의 연구 제보자를 대상으로 심층면담을 실시하였으며 수집된 자료를 Nvivo 2프로그램을 이용한 분류체제분석을 한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 도출 할 수 있었다. 첫째, 개인적 수준에서 클럽스포츠에 참여한 지체장애인들은 목표지향성, 자아정체감, 자기 유능감을 경험하며 하위구성 item으로 성과목표지향, 학습-참여목표 지향, 주체성, 미래성, 주도성, 친밀성, 안정성, 자기수용성을 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 집단적 수준에서 클럽스포츠에 참 여한 지체장애인들은 동기적 분위기, 집단정체성을 경험하며 하위 구성 item으로 자아지 향적 분위기, 과제지향적 분위기, 클럽구성원 관계성, 멤버쉽 집단자아존중, 정체적 집단 자아존중을 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 사회적 수준에서 클럽스포츠에 참여한 지체장 애인들은 정치적 유능감, 문화적 환경 변화에 대한 필요성을 경험하며 하위구성 item으 로 내재적 정치효능감, 외재적 정치효능감, 사회적 지원 개선, 사회적 활동 필요, 시설개 선, 교육개선, 가치관 및 태도 개선, 사회기구변화, 정치적 지원 변화를 가지는 것으로 나 타났다.
Abstract
This study was phenomenological to understand how people with physical impairments build up their empowerment throughout participating in community sport activities. This study focuses on the explanation of their empowerment, which was deduced, their common experiences and their sub-items from personal, collective, and social benefits. The participants of this study were 17 people with physical impairments who continually participate in the community sport activities. Qualitative data was gathered through one-on-one in-depth interviews. All interview data were analyzed by using Nvivo 2 qualitative research software programs. The results of this study were as follows: First, there are personal benefits for people with physical impairments who participate in community sport activities. The main personal benefits were experience of goal orientations, self-identity, and self-efficacy. The sub-items were achievement goal orientations; educational-participation goal orientations, subjectivity, future challenge, self-expression, intimacy, stability, and self-sensitivity were founded. Second, there are collective benefits for people with physical impairments who participate in community sport activities. The main collective benefits were motivational climate and group identity. The sub-items were self-oriented atmosphere, task-oriented atmosphere, relationship of club member, self-esteem. Third, there are social benefits for people with physical impairments who participate in community sport activities. The main social benefits were political competence and cultural environment change. The sub-items were internal and external efficacy, social support change, social action, social system change, political support change, and improvement in accommodation, education, and one's values/attitude. The conclusion of this study is that people with physical impairments who continually participate in the community sport activities have experienced personal, collective, and social empowerments. Especially, people with physical impairments conquer a sense of alienation and feeling of helplessness though community sports activities. Also, they have developed their personal, collective, and social abilities. Therefore, it is necessity that people with physical impairments should be encouraged to participate in the community sports activities.
참고문헌 (34)
- 김인호, "해외파견사원의 문화적 환경 적응훈련 모델에 관한 연구", 대한신학교논문집, 5, pp.181~216 (1985)
- 박종원, "질적연구자료 분석의 혁명" (2007), 형설출판사
- 유진, "스포츠 성취목표 지향성 이론의 현장 실험적 검증", 한국체육학회지, 33, pp.14~27 (1995)
- 이윤화, "역량강화적 접근의 효과성에 관한 연구: 지역사회복지관의 자립지원 프로 그램을 중심으로", 박사, pp.2000
- Ames,C, "Achivement goals, motivational climate, and motivational proceses" (1992), Human Knietics
- Bandura,A, "Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory" (1986), Prentice-Hall
- Cohen,M.B, "Perception of power in client", worker relationships, 1998, pp.24, 433~442
- Denzin, N. K, "Handbook of qualitative research" (1994), Sage
- Field, P. A, "Nursing research: The application of qualitative approaches" (1985), Aspen Systems
- Freeman, J., "A phenomenological examination of "naturally occurring" school improvement: Implications for democratization of schools", Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association (1996)
- Gliedman, J, "The unexpected minority: Handicapped children in America" (1980), Harcourt Brace Jovanovich
- Gonzales, N. A, "On the limits of coping: Interaction between stress and coping for inner-city adolescent", Journal of Adolescent Research, 16(4), pp.372~395 (2001)
- Gutierrez,L.M, "Working with women of colour: An empowerment perspective", Social work, 35, pp.149~153 (1990)
- Gutierrezl.B.D, "Understanding Empowerment Practice: Building on Practitioner-Based Knowledge", Fimilies in Society, 76, pp.121~133 (1995)
- Hutzler,Y, "The concept of empowerment in rehabilitative sports In: Adapted Physical Activity: An Interdisciplinary Approach" (1990), Springer Verlag
- Hutzler, Y, "Psychological benefits of sport for disabled people: A review", Scandinavian Journal of Medicine ＆ Science in Sports, 3, pp.217~228 (1993)
- Hutzler, Y, "Disability, physical activity, Psychological well-being, and empowerment" (1999), Fitness Information Technology.
- Nicholls, J. G, "Individual differences in academic motivation: Perceived ability. goals. beliefs, and values", Learning and Individual Differences, 1, pp.63~84 (1989)
- Pensgaard, A. M., "Empowerment through the sport context: A model to guide research for individuals with disability", Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 19, pp.48~67 (2002)
- Perkins,D.D, "Speaking truth to power: Empowerment ideology as social intervention and policy", American Journal of Community Psychology, 23(4), pp.765~794 (1995)
- Polkinghorne,D.E, "Phenomenological research methods In: Existential-phenomenological perspectives in phychology", pp.41~69 (1989), Plenum
- Rappaport,J, "Terms of empowerment", Exemplars of prevention: Toward a theory for community psychology, 1987, pp.15(2), 121~148
- Sherrill, C, "Disability and sport: Psychosocial perspectives on inclusion, integration and participation", Sport Science Review, 5, pp.42~64 (1996)
- Sherrill,C, "Disability sport, identity, and involvement in sport and exercise" (1997), Human Kinetics
- Sherrill,C, "Disability sport and classification theory", Adapted Physical Activitiy Quarterly, 16, pp.206~215 (1999)
- Sherrill,C, "Adapted physical activity, recreation and sport: Cross disciplinary and lifespan. (6th ed.)", pp.2004, WCB
- Simon,B.L, "Rethinking Empowerment Journal of Progressive", Human Services, 1, pp.34~47 (1990)
- Sorensen,M, "Top level sport and people with physical disability In: La Psicologia del deporte en Espana al Final del Milenio", pp.89~102 (1999), Las Palmas, Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria.
- Staples,L.H, "Powerful ideas about Empowerment", Administration in Social Work, 14, pp.29~42 (1990)
- Thoits Peggy A, "Conceptual, Methodological, and Theoretical Problems in Studying Social Support as a Buffer Against Life Stress", Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 23, pp.145~159 (1982)
- Ulin, P, "Integrating qualitative and quantitative research", Paper presented at Family Health International's Women's Studies Project Technical Advisory Group Annual Meeting (1996)
- Walling, M. D, "Goals and their association with beliefs about success in and perciptions of the purpose of physical education", Journal of teaching in Physical Education, 14, pp.140~156 (1995)
- Williams,T, "Disability sport socialization and identity construction", Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 11, pp.14~31 (1994)
- Wuerch,G.A, "Sport as empowerment: Perspectives of women wheelchair road racers", 석사, pp.1996