조선전기 한문학 연구의 반성적 검토와 새로운 시각의 모색 - 중국문학서의 수용 양상을 중심으로 -

Abstract

This research aimed to clarify the substance of gentry literature which had led the Sino-Korean literature early in the Joseon朝鮮 dynasty and observed the introduction aspect of morality literary books of the early Ming明 period to Joseon by moralists of Joseon at the time. Liushan劉剡 and Zhanzongrui詹宗睿, who were remarked by this research, had been very active as scholars and publishers around the bookshops in Jianyang建陽, where was a famous city in publishing industry, around 1430. They published 『Xiangshuoguwenzhenbaodaquan詳說古文眞寶大全』 after binding Huangjian黃堅’s 『Guwenzhenbao古文眞寶』 and Chenli陳櫟’s 『Pidianbaipianguwen批點百篇古文』 together, and then published another series, 15 volumes of 『Xuanshibuzhu選詩補註』 after binding Liulu劉履’s 『Fengyayi風雅翼』 and Hubingwen胡炳文’s 『Ganxingshitong感興詩通』 together. These books were published many times in metal type and wooden type and distributed broadcast in the early days of Joseon dynasty, and owing to this, the literary man and scholars of Joseon considered these books as the models for morality literature. Chenli was a Scholar who was born in Xinan新安 after Zhuxi朱熹’s death. He selected one hundred pieces of prose of successive generations of China from Quyuan屈原’s 「Lisao離騷」 to Zhangzai張載’s 「Ximing西銘」 and named the book 『Pidianbaipianguwen』. The prosaic works in this book made readers be in high spirits through the sentences and were composed of writings to explore the origin of the moral sense with the works of Xinglixue性理學. Liulu was born in Shangyu上虞 near Xinan, the home town of Zhuxi. He also learned Xinglixue because it was his family’s learning which was handed down from his great-grandfather. He compiled 15 volumes of 『Xuanshibuzhu』after collecting 420 pieces of poetry of successive generations of China from 「Gushishijuishou古詩十九首」 to Zhuxi’s 20 poems of 「Ganxingshi感興詩」. This book is enough to be a model to junior scholars because the poems in this book were based on human nature and related to popular education. The moralists in the early Joseon period thoroughly studied the works in 『Xiangshuoguwenzhenbaodaquan』 and 『Xuanshibuzhu』 based on esthetic consciousness which was formed on the groundwork of profound studies of the doctrines of Zhuxi. In the first place, Lihuang李滉 established of Zhulilun主理論 on the basis of the liqilun理氣論 of Xinglixue which had established by Zhuxi, and according to this theory, he criticized the writings of 『Pidianbaipianguwen』 with his colleague literary man Lidehong李德弘 and wrote 『Guwenhaujizhiyi古文後集質疑』. After that, Lier李珥 built up Zhuqilun主氣論 based on the Zhuqilun主氣論 of Xinglixue by Zhuxi, but his theory was in opposition to Lihuang李滉’s Zhulilun主理論. According to his theory, Lier also compiled 『Jingyanmiaoxuan精言玅選』 by using 『Xuanshibuzhu』 as a textbook. This research affirm the characteristics of the gentry literature in the early days of the Joseon dynasty that the Confucian scholars systemized Zhuxi’s Xinglixue and built a creative theory and unparalleled literary art aesthetics.