Probiotic Characteristics and Safety Assessment of Lacticaseibacillus casei KGC1201 Isolated from Panax ginseng
2
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Panax ginseng is one of the most important herbal medicinal plants consumed as health functional food and can be fermented to achieve better efficacy. Lacticaseibacillus, one of the representative genera among lactic acid bacteria (LAB), has also been used as a probiotic material for health functional foods due to its beneficial effects on the human body. To achieve a synergistic effect by using these excellent dietary supplement ingredients together, a novel LAB strain was isolated from the root of 6-year-old ginseng. Through similarity analysis of 16S rRNAs and whole-genome sequences, the strain was confirmed as belonging to the genus Lacticaseibacillus and was named L. casei KGC1201. KGC1201 not only met all safety standards as food, but also showed excellent probiotic properties such as acid resistance, bile salt resistance, and intestinal adhesion. In particular, KGC1201 exhibited superior acid resistance through morphological observation identifying that the cell surface damage of KGC1201 was less than that of the L. casei type strain KCTC3109. Gene expression studies were conducted to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of KGC1201’s acid resistance, and the expression of the glycosyltransferase gene was found to be significantly elevated under acidic conditions. Exopolysaccharides (EPSs) biosynthesized by glycosyltransferase were also increased in KGC1201 compared to KCTC3109, which may contribute to better protection of KGC1201 cells from strong acidity. Therefore, KGC1201, with its increased acid resistance through molecular mechanisms and excellent probiotic properties, can be used in health functional foods to provide greater benefit to overall human health and well-being.
Abstract
Panax ginseng is one of the most important herbal medicinal plants consumed as health functional food and can be fermented to achieve better efficacy. Lacticaseibacillus, one of the representative genera among lactic acid bacteria (LAB), has also been used as a probiotic material for health functional foods due to its beneficial effects on the human body. To achieve a synergistic effect by using these excellent dietary supplement ingredients together, a novel LAB strain was isolated from the root of 6-year-old ginseng. Through similarity analysis of 16S rRNAs and whole-genome sequences, the strain was confirmed as belonging to the genus Lacticaseibacillus and was named L. casei KGC1201. KGC1201 not only met all safety standards as food, but also showed excellent probiotic properties such as acid resistance, bile salt resistance, and intestinal adhesion. In particular, KGC1201 exhibited superior acid resistance through morphological observation identifying that the cell surface damage of KGC1201 was less than that of the L. casei type strain KCTC3109. Gene expression studies were conducted to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of KGC1201’s acid resistance, and the expression of the glycosyltransferase gene was found to be significantly elevated under acidic conditions. Exopolysaccharides (EPSs) biosynthesized by glycosyltransferase were also increased in KGC1201 compared to KCTC3109, which may contribute to better protection of KGC1201 cells from strong acidity. Therefore, KGC1201, with its increased acid resistance through molecular mechanisms and excellent probiotic properties, can be used in health functional foods to provide greater benefit to overall human health and well-being.
참고문헌 (45)
- Azad MAK, "Probiotic species in the modulation of gut microbiota: An overview", BioMed Res. Int, 2018, pp.9478630~ (2018)
- Nishida S, "Lactic acid bacteria activating innate immunity improve survival in bacterial infection model of silkworm", Drug Discov. Ther, 10, pp.49~56 (2016)
- Alvarez-Sieiro P, "Bacteriocins of lactic acid bacteria: extending the family", Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol, 100, pp.2939~2951 (2016)
- Didari T, "A systematic review of the safety of probiotics", Expert Opin. Drug Saf, 13, pp.227~239 (2014)
- Wasilewski A, "Beneficial effects of probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and psychobiotics in inflammatory bowel disease", Inflamm. Bowel Dis, 21, pp.1674~1682 (2015)
- Reid G, "Use of Lactobacillus to prevent infection by pathogenic bacteria", Microbes Infect, 4, pp.319~324 (2002)
- Bamgbose. T, "Bacteriocins of lactic acid bacteria and their industrial application", Curr. Top. Lact. Acid Bact. Probiotics, 7, pp.1~13 (2021)
- Velraeds MM, "Interference in initial adhesion of uropathogenic bacteria and yeasts to silicone rubber by a Lactobacillus acidophilus biosurfactant", J. Med. Microbiol, 47, pp.1081~1085 (1998)
- Perez Montoro B, "Proteomic analysis of Lactobacillus pentosus for the identification of potential markers involved in acid resistance and their influence on other probiotic features", Food Microbiol, 72, pp.31~38 (2018)
- Lyu C, "Exploring the contributions of two glutamate decarboxylase isozymes in Lactobacillus brevis to acid resistance and gamma-aminobutyric acid production", Microb. Cell Fact, 17, pp.180~ (2018)
- Wang C, "Mechanisms and improvement of acid resistance in lactic acid bacteria", Arch. Microbiol, 200, pp.195~201 (2018)
- Khalil ES, "Probiotic properties of exopolysaccharide-producing Lactobacillus strains isolated from tempoyak", Molecules, 23, pp.398~ (2018)
- Dertli E, "Impact of the exopolysaccharide layer on biofilms, adhesion and resistance to stress in Lactobacillus johnsonii FI9785", BMC Microbiol, 15, pp.8~ (2015)
- Murthy HN, "Ginsenosides: prospective for sustainable biotechnological production", Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol, 98, pp.6243~6254 (2014)
- Chopra P, "Phytochemistry of ginsenosides: recent advancements and emerging roles", Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr, 63, pp.630~638 (2021)
- 박성은, "Biotransformation of major ginsenosides in ginsenoside model culture by lactic acid bacteria", Journal of Ginseng Research, 41(1), pp.36~42 (2017), 고려인삼학회
- Kim YR, "Protective roles of ginseng against bacterial infection", Microb. Cell, 5, pp.472~481 (2018)
- Wang L, "Antimicrobial activities of Asian ginseng, American ginseng, and notoginseng", Phytother. Res, 34, pp.1226~1236 (2020)
- Mo SJ, "Characterization of novel Lactobacillus paracasei HY7017 capable of improving physiological properties and immune enhancing effects using red ginseng extract", Fermentation, 7, pp.238~ (2021)
- Kim H, "Anti-inflammatory effects of Limosilactobacillus fermentum KGC1601isolated from Panax ginseng and its probiotic characteristics", Foods, 11, pp.1707~ (2022)
- Zheng J, "A taxonomic note on the genus Lactobacillus:Description of 23 novel genera, emended description of the genus Lactobacillus Beijerinck 1901, and union of Lactobacillaceae and Leuconostocaceae", Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol, 70, pp.2782~2858 (2020)
- Liu B, "VFDB 2022: a general classification scheme for bacterial virulence factors", Nucleic Acids Res, 50, pp.D912~D917 (2022)
- Florensa AF, "ResFinder - an open online resource for identification of antimicrobial resistance genes in next-generation sequencing data and prediction of phenotypes from genotypes", Microb. Genom, 8, pp.000748~ (2022)
- FEEDAP, "Guidance on the assessment of bacterial susceptibility to antimicrobials of human and veterinary importance", EFSA J, 10, pp.2740~ (2012)
- Livak KJ, "Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) Method", Methods, 25, pp.402~408 (2001)
- Schmittgen TD, "Analyzing real-time PCR data by the comparative C(T) method", Nat. Protoc, 3, pp.1101~1108 (2008)
- Tallon R, "Isolation and characterization of two exopolysaccharides produced by Lactobacillus plantarum EP56", Res. Microbiol, 154, pp.705~712 (2003)
- Zhang Y, "The effect of optimized carbon source on the synthesis and composition of exopolysaccharides produced by Lactobacillus paracasei", J. Dairy Sci, 104, pp.4023~4032 (2021)
- Doron S, "Risk and safety of probiotics", Clin. Infect. Dis, 60, pp.S129~S134 (2015)
- Wassenaar TM, "Virulence genes in a probiotic E. coli product with a recorded long history of safe use", Eur. J. Microbiol. Immunol, 5, pp.81~93 (2015)
- Dlamini ZC, "Safety evaluation and colonisation abilities of four lactic acid bacteria as future probiotics", Probiotics Antimicrob. Proteins, 11, pp.397~402 (2019)
- EFSA, "Introduction of a Qualified Presumption of Safety (QPS) approach for assessment of selected microorganisms referred to EFSA - Opinion of the Scientific Committee", EFSA J, 5, pp.587~ (2007)
- Abriouel H, "New insights in antibiotic resistance of Lactobacillus species from fermented foods", Food Res. Int, 78, pp.465~481 (2015)
- Yang SY, "Anti-inflammatory potential of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum IDCC 3501 and its safety evaluation", Braz. J. Microbiol, 52, pp.2299~2306 (2021)
- Ban OH, "Safety assessment of Streptococcus thermophilus IDCC 2201 used for product manufacturing in Korea", Food Sci. Nutr, 8, pp.6269~6274 (2020)
- Chaiongkarna. A, "Characterization of prebiotics and their synergistic activities with Lactobacillus probiotics for β-glucuronidase reduction", Sci. Asia, 45, pp.538~ (2019)
- Lee. BS, "Safety assessment of Lactobacillus reuteri IDCC 3701 based on phenotypic and genomic analysis", Ann. Microbiol, 71, pp.10~ (2021)
- Yuan Y, "Vibrio vulnificus hemolysin: Biological activity, regulation of vvhA expression, and role in pathogenesis", Front. Immunol, 11, pp.599439~ (2020)
- Prester L, "Biogenic amines in fish, fish products and shellfish: a review", Food Addit. Contam. Part A Chem. Anal. Control Expo. Risk Assess, 28, pp.1547~1560 (2011)
- Caggianiello G, "Exopolysaccharides produced by lactic acid bacteria: from health-promoting benefits to stress tolerance mechanisms", Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol, 100, pp.3877~3886 (2016)
- Fukao M, "Plasmid-encoded glycosyltransferase operon is responsible for exopolysaccharide production, cell aggregation, and bile resistance in a probiotic strain, Lactobacillus brevis KB290", J. Biosci. Bioeng, 128, pp.391~397 (2019)
- Castro-Bravo N, "Interactions of surface exopolysaccharides from Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus within the intestinal environment", Front. Microbiol, 9, pp.2426~ (2018)
- Poon KK, "Functional characterization of MigA and WapR: putative rhamnosyltransferases involved in outer core oligosaccharide biosynthesis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa", J. Bacteriol, 190, pp.1857~1865 (2008)
- Sarkar D, "Identification of a glycosyltransferase from Mycobacterium marinum involved in addition of a caryophyllose moiety in lipooligosaccharides", J. Bacteriol, 193, pp.2336~2340 (2011)
- Bhawal S, "Physicochemical characteristics of novel cell-bound exopolysaccharide from probiotic Limosilactobacillus fermentum (MTCC 5898) and its relation to antioxidative activity", J. Agric. Food Chem, 69, pp.10338~10349 (2021)