‘량장쓰후’와 경관의 문화정치경제 ― 금융화 시대 중국의 ‘사회주의적’ 공간 생산
“Liangjiang Sihu” and the Cultural Political Economy of Landscape: China’s “Socialist” Production of Space in the Age of Financialization
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This paper focuses on Liangjiang Sihu (Two Rivers and FourLakes), a theme park in Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang AutonomousRegion, analyzing it as a landscape space in order to understandthe nature of China's “socialist” production of space. Whilecontaining various historical relics, cultural heritages, and valuablenatural resources, the theme park no doubt demonstrates thecharacteristics of a built environment in the age of neoliberalism. Not only has it mobilized large financial capital for itsconstruction; it presents itself as an abstract space that reflects thelogics of neoliberal financialization, an “entrepreneurial city” whichcompetes with other similar places in China. Focusing on thesefeatures, this paper considers the construction of Liangjiang Sihuas a typical example of the globalization of Disneyland, of thelandscapification of natural resources, historico-cultural heritages,and rural lands ― a phenomenon that frequently occurs in today's global world. It understands this process as having to do withfinancialization, for the construction of Linagjiang Sihu has beenmade possible by a new development of “financial mediation.” Whatplays a prominent role in this process has been the “fourthcirculation” of capital, in which those cultural practices which usedto remain out of the reach of capital circulation, in particular theproduction of meaning that takes place in everyday life, have beencaptured by the logics of neoliberal accumulation. Based on acritical analysis of these phenomena, this paper concludes that theproduction of landscape spaces like Liangjiang Sihu indicates thatdespite its self-proclamation of being a socialist state, China hasnow succumbed to the rule of capitalist accumulation. In order tosupport this argument, it also attempts to analyze the way“cultural political economy” operates in Liangjang Sihu as alandscape space.
Abstract
This paper focuses on Liangjiang Sihu (Two Rivers and FourLakes), a theme park in Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang AutonomousRegion, analyzing it as a landscape space in order to understandthe nature of China's “socialist” production of space. Whilecontaining various historical relics, cultural heritages, and valuablenatural resources, the theme park no doubt demonstrates thecharacteristics of a built environment in the age of neoliberalism. Not only has it mobilized large financial capital for itsconstruction; it presents itself as an abstract space that reflects thelogics of neoliberal financialization, an “entrepreneurial city” whichcompetes with other similar places in China. Focusing on thesefeatures, this paper considers the construction of Liangjiang Sihuas a typical example of the globalization of Disneyland, of thelandscapification of natural resources, historico-cultural heritages,and rural lands ― a phenomenon that frequently occurs in today's global world. It understands this process as having to do withfinancialization, for the construction of Linagjiang Sihu has beenmade possible by a new development of “financial mediation.” Whatplays a prominent role in this process has been the “fourthcirculation” of capital, in which those cultural practices which usedto remain out of the reach of capital circulation, in particular theproduction of meaning that takes place in everyday life, have beencaptured by the logics of neoliberal accumulation. Based on acritical analysis of these phenomena, this paper concludes that theproduction of landscape spaces like Liangjiang Sihu indicates thatdespite its self-proclamation of being a socialist state, China hasnow succumbed to the rule of capitalist accumulation. In order tosupport this argument, it also attempts to analyze the way“cultural political economy” operates in Liangjang Sihu as alandscape space.
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