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'고객만족-구전의도'의 관계에 영향을 미치는 상황요인에 관한 연구 : 유대강도와 구전계기의 역할을 중심으로

The Role of Situational Factors in the Relationship between Customer Satisfaction and Word-of-Mouth Intention:Tie Strengh and Solicitation of WOM

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참고문헌

주제분류경제학

초록

만족한 고객과 불만족한 고객 중에서 누가 구전활동을 많이 하는지에 대하여 기존연구는 혼재된 결과를 보여주고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이 문제에 대한 실마리를 찾기 위하여 두 개의 상황변수 (전달자와 수신자의 유대강도, 구전이 발생한 계기)를 도입하여 이들의 조절작용을 고찰하고자 하였다. 실험결과에 의하면 상대방이 약한 유대관계를 가진 경우, 응답자들은 불만족보다 만족했을 때 더 높은 구전의도를 보여주었고, 강한 유대관계를 가진 상대방의 경우에는 만족과 불만족에 대하여 구전의도의 차이가 거의 나타나지 않았다. 즉, 약한 유대관계에서는 구전을 통한 자신의 인상형성의 동기가 강하게 작용하여 기존연구에서 제시된 MUM효과가 발견되었으며, 강한 유대관계에서는 외부적인 요소가 영향을 미치지 않는 ‘강한 유대강도의 힘’이 다시 한 번 증명되었다. 또한, 구전이 촉발된 계기에 따라 응답자들의 구전의도도 다르게 보고 되었는데, 먼저 구전이 상대방에 의하여 요청된 경우는 만족한 고객들이 불만족한 고객들보다 더 높은 구전의도를 나타내어 일치효과가설을 지지하였다. 반면에 자발적인 구전의 경우는 불만족한 응답자의 구전의도가 약간 높아 부정우월효과가 존재하는 것으로 추정할 수 있었다.

Abstract

Our paper examines the moderating roles that the two situational factors, that is, tie strength and solicitation of WOM, play in determining the relationship between customer satisfaction and word-of-mouth intention. In the experiment, for a weak tie participants were more likely to engage in WOM when satisfied compared to when dissatisfied, whereas they showed little difference in WOM intention when the recipient was a strong tie. The results suggest that the MUM effects were observed in the weak tie condition and the strength of strong ties was replicated in the strong tie condition. In addition, participants also behaved differently depending upon how the WOM incidence was stimulated. When WOM was requested, satisfied customers showed a higher degree of WOM intention than dissatisfied ones, which was consistent with the congruence hypothesis. In contrast, for voluntary WOM, participants indicated a slightly stronger intention to engage in WOM when dissatisfied rather than when satisfied, as the negativity biases predicted.

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