釜山韓國華人華文文學的實踐與意義 — 以身份認同爲中心

Abstract

“Busan Chinese-Korean” refer to Han Chinese who have lived in the Busan area of South Korea for a long time and groups that have been assimilated or culturally integrated by Han Chinese. The literary works written in Chinese language by Busan Chinese-Korean is “Busan Chinese-Korean Chinese-Language Literature”. According to the different migration period, Busan Chinese-Korean can be divided into earlier group, later group, newcomers group, and relocating group (who moved to Busan and then relocated to other countries). The immigration history of Busan Chinese-Korean is unique from that of Chinese-Korean in other parts of Korea: First, there is perfect “mobility” among Busan Chinese-Korean. Second, Choryang area where most Busan Chinese-Korean stay is more “diversified” in terms of geographic environment. The “mobility” of Busan Chinese-Korean may cause instability in life and restrict the development of its literature or cultural activities. The environmental “diversity” in the areas where Busan Chinese-Korean mainly migrates may become an obstacle to their assimilation into locals, and ultimately affect their identity. The significance of Busan Chinese-Korean literature is that, as a platform for Busan Chinese-Korean to speak out, it brings us a lot of inspiration: Busan Chinese-Korean identity is already “diversified”, but from the perspective of acceptance by the immigrant society, it seems that it has not been synchronized. Regrettably, the understanding of Busan Chinese-Korean by the locals is still a product of South Korea-China relations formed under historical situations such as pre-modern, modern, and cold war era. In other words, it is to ignore Busan Chinese-Korean “existence” to imagine Busan Chinese-Korean. Therefore, Busan Chinese-Korean survival experience in the emigrated place made them never be able to integrate into the local area. With the urban redevelopment of Busan, the “China Town” with the closest relationship to Busan Chinese-Korean, has gradually lost its “historicality” and “relationship” which is the “sense of place” it should have. Busan Chinese-Korean identity can no longer be measured by the standard of “identity recognized by society (nationality)”, and it can be regulated as “Chinese”, “Korean” or “Taiwanese”. Busan should accept this new type of multiple identities based on “personal choice” to recognize and preserve the history that Busan Chinese-Korean and the local people in Busan have experienced and created together.