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로봇이 서비스 실패를 유발했을 때: 서비스 실패의 심각성과 로봇의 공감이 고객의 귀인에 미치는 영향

Service Failure by Service Robot: The Effect of Severity and Robot’s Empathy On Customers’ Attribution

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참고문헌

키워드

주제분류경제학

초록

서비스 접점에서 로봇의 활용이 증대됨에 따라 본 연구는 서비스 접점에서 로봇에 의해 발생할 수 있는 서비스실패의 상황에서 고객의 로봇에 대한 책임 귀인을 조사하였다. 방어적 귀인에 따르면 사람들은 부정적 사건의 심각성이 증가할수록 행위자에게 더 많은 책임을 할당하는 경향이 있으며, 사건 결과의 심각성이 책임 귀인에 미치는영향력은 행위자와 자신과의 유사성이 증가할 때 감소하게 된다. 본 연구는 로봇에게 공감 반응 능력을 부여하였을때 인간과 로봇 간의 지각된 유사성을 증가시킬 것으로 가정하였고, 로봇의 공감 반응의 여부가 서비스 실패의 심각성과 상호작용하여 고객의 로봇에 대한 책임 귀인에 미치는 영향력을 확인하고자 하였다. 2(서비스 실패의 심각성: 저 vs. 고) × 2(로봇의 공감: 유 vs. 무)에 따라 제작된 시나리오에서, 277명을 대상으로 설문을 진행한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 로봇에 대한 책임 귀인에 대해 서비스 실패의 심각성과 로봇의 공감 간의 상호작용 효과가나타났다. 둘째, 부정적 구전 의도에 대해서도 서비스 실패의 심각성과 로봇의 공감 간의 상호작용 효과가 나타났다. 이를 바탕으로 서비스 로봇의 활용 방안에 대해 논의하고자 한다.

Abstract

We examined the attribution of responsibility for service failure by service robot. According to defensive attribution, the more severe outcome of the event by an actor, the more responsibility people assign to the actor for the event. However, if the actor is similar to the perceiver, the perceiver assigns less responsibility to the actor. We assumed that empathic robot increases perceived similarity between human and robot, and examined interaction effect of robot’s empathy and severity of service failure on customer’s attribution of responsibilities. In a 2 (severity of service failure: low vs. high) × 2 (robot’s empathy: presence vs. absence) between-subjects design, we conducted a survey to 277 students. As a result, we confirmed the interaction effect of severity of service failure and robot’s empathy on attribution of responsibility to service robot and negative word-of-mouth intention respectively. Based on this, we discuss service robot implementation in the service encounter.

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