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후원형 크라우드 펀딩에서 목표 달성률이 추가 후원에 미치는 영향: 윤리적 소비에 따른 차이를 중심으로

The Effect of Goal Achievement Rate on Additional Contributions in Reward-based Crowdfunding: The Moderating Role of Ethical Consumption

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주제분류경제학

초록

후원형 크라우드 펀딩(reward-based crowdfunding)은 초기 사업자가 안정적으로 자금을 조달할 수 있고 새로운 상품의 시장성을 확인할 수 있다는 장점을 내세우며 빠르게 성장하고 있다. 후원형 크라우드 펀딩에서는 투자자들의 후원 참여를 독려하는 것이 무엇보다 중요한데, 누적 후원 정도를 나타내는 목표 달성률은 추가 후원에 상반된 영향을 미치는 것으로 알려져 왔다. 본 연구는 후원형 크라우드 펀딩에서 제공되는 보상물의 특성 즉, 보상물이 윤리적 속성을 지녔는지에 따라 목표 달성률이 추가 후원에 미치는 효과가 달라진다는 것을 보이고자 한다. 이를 확인하기 위해 국내 최대 후원형 크라우드 펀딩 플랫폼인 와디즈(Wadiz)에서 데이터를 수집하였다. 분석 결과, 보상물이 윤리적 속성을 지니지 않은 일반 프로젝트는 목표 달성률이 높아질수록 추가 후원이 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 보상물이 윤리적 속성을 갖는 윤리적 프로젝트는 목표 달성률이 높아질수록 추가 후원 또한 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같은 결과를 바탕으로, 본 연구는 후원형 크라우드 펀딩 실무자들에게 효율적인 마케팅 전략을 제공하고자 한다.

Abstract

Reward-based crowdfunding is rapidly growing with the advantage that early operators can raise funds stably and check the marketability of new products in advance. In reward-based crowdfunding, it is most important to encourage investors to participate in contributions. The goal achievement rate, which indicates the degree of accumulated customers’ contributions to the project, has been known to have a contrary effect on additional contributions. This study aims to show that the impact of the goal achievement rate on additional contributions varies depending on the ethical nature of the project. We collected data from Wadiz, the largest reward-based crowdfunding platform in South Korea. According to the results, general projects showed a pattern of decreasing additional contributions as the goal achievement rate increased. On the other hand, additional contributions of ethical projects expanded when the goal achievement rate increased. Based on these results, this study proposed an efficient marketing strategy for those in charge of reward-based crowdfunding.

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