건강한 폐경여성에서의 과민성방광의 유병률에 대한 조사
Survey on the Prevalence of Overactive Bladder in Healthy Korean Postmenopausal Women
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연구목적: 과민성방광은 절박성 요실금 유무에 관계없이 요절박이 있는 증상 군으로 보통 빈뇨와 야뇨를 동반하며 이런 증상을 야기할 수 있는 감염이나 다른 기저질환이 없는 것으로 정의된다. 본 연구는 우리나라 폐경여성에서의 과민성방광의 유병률 및 호르몬 치료가 미치는 영향에 대하여 알아보고자 하였다. 연구재료 및 방법: 중앙대학교병원 산부인과로 2010년 11월부터 2011년 2월까지 내원한 환자중 45세 이상의 350명의 폐경여성을 대상으로 빈뇨, 야뇨, 요절박, 절박성 요실금에 대하여 조사하였다. 결과: 조사에 응한 폐경여성에서 과민성방광의 유병률은 14.3% 였다. 과민성방광이 절박성 요실금과 동반된 경우는 8.0% 였다. 과민성방광은 65세 이상의 고령이나 호르몬 치료의 유무에 대해 유의성을 보이지 않았으나 폐경기간에 따라서는 유의성 (odds ratio [OR] 3.451, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.422-8.377, P = 0.004)을 보였다. 또한, 과민성방광이 있는 군에서 없는 군보다 빈뇨 (OR 2.921, 95% CI 1.587-5.375, P = 0.001)와 야뇨 (OR 2.469, 95% CI 1.069-5.702, P = 0.037) 모두 더 많은 위험도를 보였다. 결론: 이번 조사결과는 저자들이 아는 한 국내에서는 최초로 폐경여성에서 과민성방광의 유병률에 대하여 조사한 연구이다. 고령이나 호르몬 치료는 과민성방광의 유병률에 영향을 미치지 않으며 호르몬 치료가 과민성방광의 증상을 치료하는데 있어 효과적이지 않다고 보여진다. 과민성방광의 유병률은 나이가 증가할수록 증가하며 폐경기간이 길수록 과민성방광의 위험성이 높다는 결과가 나왔다.
Abstract
Objectives: Overactive bladder (OAB) is characterized by urinary urgency, usually accompanied with frequency and nocturia, with or without urgency urinary incontinence, in the absence of urinary tract infection (UTI) or other obvious pathology. This study was performed to investigate the prevalence of OAB and the effect of hormone therapy (HT) on the OAB prevalence in healthy Korean postmenopausal women. Methods: The frequency, nocturia, urgency, and urgency incontinence were investigated by using questionnaire in 350 healthy postmenopausal women over 45 years old among patients who visited the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, between November 2010 and February 2011. Results: In our study, the prevalence of OAB was 14.3% and OAB with urgency incontinence was present in 8.0% of the investigated participants. There was no difference in OAB related to older age or the presence of HT, but signifi cant difference was found in the duration of menopause (odds ratio [OR] 3.451, 95% confi dence interval [CI] 1.422-8.377, P = 0.004). Higher risks for both frequency (OR 2.921, 95% CI 1.587-5.375, P = 0.001) and nocturia (OR 2.469, 95% CI 1.069-5.702, P = 0.037) were observed in OAB subjects compared to postmenopausal women without OAB. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the fi rst study investigating the prevalence of overactive bladder in Korean postmenopausal women. Older age or HT did not affect the prevalence of OAB, and HT was not effective in treating the symptoms of OAB. However, the prevalence of OAB was increased with the age, duration of menopause.
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