20세기 중국, 공화정치의 실현인가 구경꾼의 반란인가 ― 루쉰의 국민성 담론을 중심으로

Abstract

This article is written to explore the so-called discourses of Chinese model, one of the hottest issue in contemporary China and to look into 20th century China through Lu Xun’s discourse on Chinese people. The most significant Lu Xun’s role performed in the 20th century China was to devote to criticize the defects of Chinese People including the consciousness of the eternal audience for building modern China. According to Lu Xun’s discourse, I think, it is so doubtful whether the economic growth inadequate in a fare economic system and social security, and the ‘harmony’ lacking in social communication and solidarity, can advance into the path of individual emancipation after all. This point is saying that it is still necessary that we should have an insight into how the individual is being made as a social subject, and should criticize the social realities that suppress individual freedom in China in the era of global capitalism. Fundamentally, for the critical thinking of literature derives from the condition of the existence of the individual itself, not in the theory, then, we will be able to think about the possibility of individuale mancipation, which the 20th century Chinese literature had not done, just in the process of reflectively expressing such individuals’ life condition and their own meaning of existence.