아나키스트 작가 바진(巴金)이 바라본 스페인 내전

Abstract

The Spanish Civil War was the clashing field of almost all political ideas in the 20th century, and it still has great implications to this day. This war was not confined to the visible space―Spain. There were sharp clashes between the ideas of the left and the right, and this war represented the World War II in advance. This study focuses on how Ba Jin, a writer renowned as an anarchist, viewed the Spanish Civil War. During the war of resistance against Japan, the Chinese liberal media reported news of the Spanish Civil War while emphasizing the importance of the united front. But after Franco finally won the victory, the Chinese tried to separate the situation between China and Spain. Though Ba Jin emphasized the importance of the united front as well, he kept vigilant over the Soviet Union because he was aware of the conflict between CNT and UGT. Even after the Spanish Civil War ended, he still kept his hope about the Spanish revolution. Through his translation works, Ba Jin defended the anarchists against the distorted reports by many liberal media, which attributed the collapse of the united front to their uncooperative attitude. As evidence in his Spain-related translations, he introduced the spirit of self-sacrifice within the anarchist army for the victory of the united front, the widespread influence of anarchism and successful grouping in Spain, and the ideal society pursued by anarchism. This shows Ba Jin’s attempt to spread his ideas as well as to reinforce the Chinese anarchist movement that had been declining. Ba Jin's viewpoint about the Spanish Civil War shows us a different way to approach history and reality, where anarchism is getting attention as a social alternative once again.