新中国初期冷战世界观考察 ― 以1950年代抗美援朝文学为中心

Abstract

The process of cold war system and nationalization of China progressed through the Korean War shows “specificity” which can not be explained in the Cold War frame consisted of two parts, the U.S. and Soviet Union, different from the world view of the Korean War as “one epicenter of the East-Asian Cold War and worldwide Cold War”. The People’s Republic of China was based on the existing territory, people, and environment such as tradition, culture and customs of old China, not “created” in the new territory with new people, which means that it was hard to meet radical unification of the new “class approval” in the beginning of the establishment of the new country, with a composite mixture of different political legitimacy which supported the 20C China (nationalism since the late Qing Dynasty, personalism since May 4th, and class approval since socialism China). At the point, the works of the War to Resist America and Aid Korea writers with various origins and views of the world from the old China can be a cultural route to the patterns and shape of that time. They established “national narratives” on the Korean War according to the unified writing guideline of the Party under the new literary mechanism which was systematic and collective, but the existing view of the world and creation impossible to “convert” in a short time was tacitly revealed in their works, showing different “views” of the Korean War. Thus, the works created by the writers can be used as a research text to review the transition period from old China to new China, that is, the characteristics of Chinese cold war system in the beginning of the establishment of the country showing different views of the world. For the review, the study classified the narratives of the Korean War shown in the War to Resist America and Aid Korea Literature into three types (foundation of “class approval” narratives, Cold-war change of “nationalism”, tragedy of war from a “humanitarianism” view), and analysed the main texts such as Wei Wei’s Front Report (prose), Yang Shuo’s long story, Samcheonri Gangsan(meaning the whole land of Korea), and Lu Ling’s long and stories respectively in order. Such narratives of the Korean War can be said as writers’ various and different interpretation of the New Cold War Order which the main ideology that time tried to express under the subject, To Resist America and Aid Korea. That is, the process that writers’ creative writing in the contemporary writing circle system was approved, transformed, and criticized can be regarded as the process that the complex class approval in the beginning of the foundation was getting unified.