『중화민족공동체 개론』 속 민족정책 연구

Abstract

This study examines China's ethnic policies through the textbook Introduction to the Chinese National Community. The textbook presupposes that the Chinese nation is a community formed through the integration of various ethnicities and presents as its foundation the ‘Marxist theory of nationality', the ‘great unification historical tradition', and the achievements of the ‘theory of the “two integrations”’. Therefore, it argues that ethnic issues are part of socialist construction and that each ethnicity, as a member of the Chinese national community, must accept the culture of the great unification. It also emphasizes that the Sinicization and modernization of the Marxist theory of nationality have contributed to the formation and development of the Chinese national community. On the other hand, the Chinese Communist Party seeks to emphasize unity over diversity in the process of integrating minority groups into the Chinese national community, which reveals limitations in adequately considering the unique identities of minority groups. These ethnic policies have shifted from a pluralistic approach to one that prioritizes integration and unity, aiming to establish a more comprehensive social system through the consolidation of the consciousness of the Chinese national community. Ultimately, while China claims to aim for the formation of a community with a shared future for mankind and the establishment of a fair international order, its practical hegemonic actions are often pointed out as limitations.