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대규모 난민 상황에 대한 한국의 국제적 의무

International Obligations Undertaken by the Republic of Korea with Regards to Mass Migration Events

David Lee Mundy
법학연구원 (Legal Research Institute of Korea University)|2021.10|법학논고 (KYUNGPOOK NATIONAL UNIVERSITY LAW JOURNAL)|제75호|pp. 291-322|DOI 10.17248/knulaw..75.202110.291

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난민법이민비엔나 협약MigrationRefugee LawVienna Convention on the Law of Treaties난민의 국제적 영향대규모 난민Global Compact on MigrationMass Migration

초록

대규모로 이주하는 난민들은 이주와 관련된 다양한 협약의 서명국이 국제적 차원에서 반드시 인정해야하는 권리를 가지며 서명국들은 이러한 권리를 지켜줄 의무가 있다. 그러나 이러한 의무는 위험을 피하여 온 이민자와 국민들을 고려하는 양심적인 서명국들에게 어려움을 주고 있다. 따라서 이주, 특히 대규모 이주는 단순히 국제적 의무의 이행으로 해결되는 문제가 아니다. 여러 국익과 국제적 의무를 고려하며 다양한 방안들을 고려해야한다. 이 글은 이주와 관련하여 한국이 이행하고 있는 국제적 의무를 조사하며 특히 대규모로 한국에 이주하는 상황들을 살펴본다. 구체적으로 2018년도에 예멘 난민 이주를 통해 한국의 대규모 이주에 대한 준비성을 살펴본다. 또한 이 글은 세계적인 유행병과 같은 이런 특수한 상황에 직면했을 때 서명국들의 의무에 대한 예외에 대해서도 다룬다.

Abstract

People on the move involved in mass migration events have rights on the international plane that must be recognized particularly by state signatories to the various conventions that govern migration. Yet providing for these obligations, and the duration of such obligations, constitute a challenge for a state that is conscientious both toward those already within its borders and toward migrants fleeing danger. This paper surveys the landscape of the international obligations undertaken by the Republic of Korea as to people on the move, particularly as it relates to individuals involved in mass migration events. The paper also touches upon exceptions to obligations when faced with unusual circumstances such as a pandemic situation.

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