추출조건에 따른 블루베리 열수추출물의 항산화 활성 비교
Antioxidant activities of blueberry hot water extracts with different extraction condition
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본 연구에서는 추출방법을 달리하여 블루베리 열수추출물들간의 항산화 활성 차이를 비교하였다. Autoclave를 이용한 가압가열추출(AE), 오븐을 이용한 추출(OE), 끓인 증류수에 혼합 후 sonication한 추출(HWSE), 끓인 증류수에 산을 첨가한 후 sonication한 추출(HWASE) 및 15분간 끓여 추출(BE) 등의 방법으로 추출물을 제조하고, 총 폴리페놀, 플라보노이드 및 안토시아닌 함량을 확인하고 ABTS, alkyl 및 DPPH radical 소거능 실험과 Fe2+ ion chelating 활성을 확인하였다. 총 폴리페놀 및 플라보노이드 함량 모두 AE에서 각각 3.47±0.16 mg GAE/g 및 1.59±0.19 mg RE/g으로 가장 높은 값을 나타냈다. 한편 이와는 반대로 총 안토시아닌 함량은 AE가 가장 낮은 함량을 나타냈으며, HWSE(5.29 mg/g) 에서 가장 높은 함량을 나타냈다. ABTS와 alkyl radical 소거능 측정 결과, AE가 가장 우수한 소거능을 나타냈으며, DPPH radical 소거능 실험에서는 AE와 더불어 안토시아닌 함량이 가장 높은 HWSE이 우수한 활성을 나타냈다. Fe2+ ion chelating 활성 측정 실험에서는 모든 추출물이 유의적 차이 없이 높은 활성을 나타냈다. 또한 SOD activity 측정 실험에서 AE가 가장 우수한 활성을 나타냈으며, H2O2에 의해 유도된 세포독성 또한 AE가 가장 효과적으로 억제시켰다. 이상의 결과를 토대로 추출 조건에 따른 항산화 활성 차이를 수율 대비로 비교하였을 때, 가장 낮은 활성을 나타냈던 HWASE에 대비하여 AE는 ABTS radical scavenging activity 1.90배, alkyl radical scavenging activity 2.32배, DPPH radical scavenging activity 1.72배, SOD assay 1.65배, H2O2에 의해 유도된 세포독성에 대한 보호효능 1.84배의 우수한 항산화 활성을 나타냈다.
Abstract
Five extraction conditions (AE, autoclave extraction; OE, oven extraction; HWSE, hot water and sonication extraction; HWASE, hot water acidified with 0.5% (v/v) acetic acid and sonication extraction; and BE, boiling extraction) were examined to compare the effects of different hot water extraction methods on the antioxidant properties of blueberries. The extraction yields of the AE, OE, HWSE, HWASE, and BE were 7.94%, 8.35%, 8.55% 9.15%, and 8.50%, respectively. The polyphenol and flavonoid contents of AE were 3.47 mg GAE/g and 1.59 mg RE/g, respectively, which were highest centents among others. Those of OE were ranked second to the highest. The total anthocyanin content of HWSE (5.29 mg/g) was significantly higher than that of others whereas that of AE showed the lowest content (0.96 mg/g). The order of ABTS radical and alkyl radical scavenging activities was as follows: AE > BE > OE > HWSE > HWASE. The antioxidant properties were considerably correspondent with the total polyphenol and flavonoid content. DPPH radical scavenging activity was quite high in HWSE, AE, and BE extraction, however, there were no significant differences among the five extraction methods in the aspect of Fe2+ ion chelating activities. Moreover, AE showed the highest SOD activity, and protected the dermal fibroblast the best against H2O2-induced cytotoxicity. In conclusion, it was suggested that the autoclave extraction (AE) would be the most effective method for preparing blueberry hot water extracts with relatively high antioxidant activities.
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