The Effect of Drug Use, Body Mass Index and Blood Pressure on Oxidative Stress Levels in Children and Adolescents with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder
1
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between clinical variables such as body mass index, blood pressure, drug use and oxidative stress level in children and adolescents with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods: Total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), oxidative stress index (OSI), malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were measured in the serum of 51 patients (38 male, 13 female) diagnosed with ADHD according to DSM-5 diagnostic criteria and 32 control subjects (12 male, 20 female). The Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia Present and Lifetime Version was applied to all participants. Results: The mean TOS, OSI, MDA values were determined to be significantly higher (p < 0.001) and the mean SOD value was lower in the ADHD group (p < 0.001). Multivariate regression analysis indicated significantly lower SOD and diastolic blood pressure values and significantly higher MDA in the ADHD group compared to the control group (p < 0.01). Low SOD (sensitivity 90.2%, specificity 78.0%) and high MDA (sensitivity 86.3%, specificity 81.2%) were determined to be predictive parameters for diagnosing ADHD. In univariate analysis, the mean TOS, OSI and SOD values were higher in ADHD patients under medication, while the mean TAS was higher in patients not using medication (p < 0.01). Only TOS was significant in multivariate logistic regression analysis (p < 0.01). Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate that impaired oxidative balance may play a role in the etiology of ADHD.
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between clinical variables such as body mass index, blood pressure, drug use and oxidative stress level in children and adolescents with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods: Total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), oxidative stress index (OSI), malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were measured in the serum of 51 patients (38 male, 13 female) diagnosed with ADHD according to DSM-5 diagnostic criteria and 32 control subjects (12 male, 20 female). The Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia Present and Lifetime Version was applied to all participants. Results: The mean TOS, OSI, MDA values were determined to be significantly higher (p < 0.001) and the mean SOD value was lower in the ADHD group (p < 0.001). Multivariate regression analysis indicated significantly lower SOD and diastolic blood pressure values and significantly higher MDA in the ADHD group compared to the control group (p < 0.01). Low SOD (sensitivity 90.2%, specificity 78.0%) and high MDA (sensitivity 86.3%, specificity 81.2%) were determined to be predictive parameters for diagnosing ADHD. In univariate analysis, the mean TOS, OSI and SOD values were higher in ADHD patients under medication, while the mean TAS was higher in patients not using medication (p < 0.01). Only TOS was significant in multivariate logistic regression analysis (p < 0.01). Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate that impaired oxidative balance may play a role in the etiology of ADHD.
참고문헌 (57)
- Scahill L, "Epidemiology of ADHD in schoolage children", Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am, 9, pp.541~555 (2000)
- American Psychiatric Association, "Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders(DSM-IV-TR)" (2000), American Psychiatric Association
- Schuch V, "Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in the light of the epigenetic paradigm", Front Psychiatry, 6, pp.126~ (2015)
- Kannan K, "Oxidative stress and apoptosis", Pathophysiology, 7, pp.153~163 (2000)
- Yorbık Ö, "Otizmde nöronal görüşler", Turk J Child Adolesc Ment Health, 9, pp.118~127 (2002)
- Mahadik SP, "Free radical pathology and antioxidant defense in schizophrenia : a review", Schizophr Res, 19, pp.1~17 (1996)
- Reddy RD, "Free radical pathology in schizophrenia : a review", Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids, 55, pp.33~43 (1996)
- Ceylan M, "Oxidative imbalance in child and adolescent patients with attention-deficit", hyperactivity disorder, 2010, pp.34, 1491~1494
- Ng F, "Oxidative stress in psychiatric disorders : evidence base and therapeutic implications", Int J Neuropsychopharmacol, 11, pp.851~876 (2008)
- Alvarez-Arellano L, "Antioxidants as a potential target against inflammation and oxidative stress in attention-deficit", hyperactivity disorder, 2020, pp.9, 176~
- Anand D, "Attentiondeficit", hyperactivity disorder and inflammation: what does current knowledge tell us? A systematic review, 2017, pp.8, 228~
- Banerjee TD, "Environmental risk factors for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder", Acta Paediatr, 96, pp.1269~1274 (2007)
- Archana E, "Altered biochemical parameters in saliva of pediatric attention deficit hyperactivity disorder", Neurochem Res, 37, pp.330~334 (2012)
- Selek S, "Evaluation of total oxidative status in adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and its diagnostic implications", J Psychiatr Res, 46, pp.451~455 (2012)
- Bulut M, "Malondialdehyde levels in adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder", J Psychiatry Neurosci, 32, pp.435~438 (2007)
- Bulut M, "Lipid peroxidation markers in adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder : new findings for oxidative stress", Psychiatry Res, 209, pp.638~642 (2013)
- Oztop D, "Oxidative stress in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder", Clin Biochem, 45, pp.745~748 (2012)
- Spahis S, "Lipid profile, fatty acid composition and pro-and antioxidant status in pediatric patients with attention-deficit", hyperactivity disorder, 2008, pp.79, 47~53
- Khan NI, "Obesity : an independent risk factor for systemic oxidative stress", Pak J Pharm Sci, 19, pp.62~65 (2006)
- Albayrak Ö, "Common obesity risk alleles in childhood attention-deficit", hyperactivity disorder, 2013, pp.162B, 295~305
- Wilcox CS, "Reactive oxygen species : roles in blood pressure and kidney function", Curr Hypertens Rep, 4, pp.160~166 (2002)
- Wong HS, "Production of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide from specific mitochondrial sites under different bioenergetic conditions", J Biol Chem, 292, pp.16804~16809 (2017)
- Kaufman J, "Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime version(K-SADS-PL) : initial reliability and validity data", J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 36, pp.980~988 (1997)
- Gökler B, "Reliability and validity of schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia for school age children--present and lifetime version--Turkish version (K-SADS-PL-T)", Turk J Child Adolesc Ment Health, 11, pp.109~116 (2004)
- Turgay A, "Disruptive behavior disorders: child and adolescent screening and rating scales for children, adolescents, parents and teachers" (1994), Michigan Integrative Therapy Institute Publication
- Ercan ES, "Development of a test battery for the assessment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder", Turk J Child Adolesc Ment Health, 8, pp.132~144 (2001)
- Uluc S, "Wechsler intelligence scale for children-IV : a new era for Turkey in evaluation of intelligence in the clinical context", Turk Psychol Artic, 14, pp.49~57 (2011)
- Guney E, "Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and oxidative stress : a short term follow up study", Psychiatry Res, 229, pp.310~317 (2015)
- Muslum Kul, "Evaluation of Oxidative Metabolism in Child and Adolescent Patients with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder", PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION, 12(3), pp.361~366 (2015), 대한신경정신의학회[DOI]
- Joshi K, "Supplementation with flax oil and vitamin C improves the outcome of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder(ADHD)", Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids, 74, pp.17~21 (2006)
- Selek S, "Oxidative imbalance in adult attention deficit", hyperactivity disorder, 2008, pp.79, 256~259
- Ceylan MF, "Changes in oxidative stress and cellular immunity serum markers in attention-deficit", hyperactivity disorder, 2012, pp.66, 220~226
- Andreazza AC, "DNA damage in rats after treatment with methylphenidate", Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry, 31, pp.1282~1288 (2007)
- Demirbag R, "DNA damage in metabolic syndrome and its association with antioxidative and oxidative measurements", Int J Clin Pract, 60, pp.1187~1193 (2006)
- Galili O, "Early experimental obesity is associated with coronary endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress", Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, 292, pp.H904~H911 (2007)
- Rodrigo R, "Relationship between oxidative stress and essential hypertension", Hypertens Res, 30, pp.1159~1167 (2007)
- Parıldar Z, "Glutathione related enzymes in renovascular hypertension effect of endovascular treatment", Türk Klinik Biyokimya Derg, 1, pp.41~46 (2003)
- Ruiz-Larrea MB, "Antioxidant action of estrogens in rat hepatocytes", Rev Esp Fisiol, 53, pp.225~229 (1997)
- Comim CM, "Methylphenidate treatment causes oxidative stress and alters energetic metabolism in an animal model of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder", Acta Neuropsychiatr, 26, pp.96~103 (2014)
- Martins MR, "Methylphenidate treatment induces oxidative stress in young rat brain", Brain Res, 1078, pp.189~197 (2006)
- Kawatani M, "Evaluation of oxidative stress status in children with pervasive developmental disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder using urinary-specific biomarkers", Redox Rep, 16, pp.45~46 (2011)
- Schmitz F, "Chronic methylphenidate administration alters antioxidant defenses and butyrylcholinesterase activity in blood of juvenile rats", Mol Cell Biochem, 361, pp.281~288 (2012)
- Joseph N, "Oxidative stress and ADHD : a meta-analysis", J Atten Disord, 19, pp.915~924 (2015)
- Yen GC, "Antioxidant effects of dopamine and related compounds", Biosci Biotechnol Biochem, 61, pp.1646~1649 (1997)
- Miyazaki I, "Dopaminergic neuron-specific oxidative stress caused by dopamine itself", Acta Med Okayama, 62, pp.141~150 (2008)
- Schmidt AJ, "Impact of psychostimulants and atomoxetine on the expression of 8-hydroxyguanine glycosylase 1 in human cells", J Neural Transm(Vienna), 117, pp.793~797 (2010)
- Sharp SI, "Genetics of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)", Neuropharmacology, 57, pp.590~600 (2009)
- Tripp G, "Neurobiology of ADHD", Neuropharmacology, 57, pp.579~589 (2009)
- 심소연, "Oxidative stress and the antioxidant enzyme system in the developing brain", Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics, 56(3), pp.107~111 (2013), 대한소아청소년과학회
- Bloch MH, "Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation for the treatment of children with attention-deficit", hyperactivity disorder symptomatology : systematic review and meta-analysis, 2011, pp.50, 991~1000
- Grammatikopoulos G, "Selective inhibition of neuronal nitric oxide synthesis reduces hyperactivity and increases non-selective attention in the Naples High-Excitability rat", Behav Brain Res, 130, pp.127~132 (2002)
- Chovanová Z, "Effect of polyphenolic extract, Pycnogenol, on the level of 8-oxoguanine in children suffering from attention deficit", hyperactivity disorder, 2006, pp.40, 1003~1010
- Garcia RJ, "Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder scores are elevated and respond to N-acetylcysteine treatment in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus", Arthritis Rheum, 65, pp.1313~1318 (2013)
- Scassellati C, "Biomarkers and attention-deficit", hyperactivity disorder : a systematic review and meta-analyses, 2012, pp.51, 1003~1019
- Jomova K, "Advances in metal-induced oxidative stress and human disease", Toxicology, 283, pp.65~87 (2011)
- Orino K, "Ferritin and the response to oxidative stress", Biochem J, 357(Pt 1), pp.241~247 (2001)
- Cortese S, "Brain iron levels in attention-deficit", hyperactivity disorder : a pilot MRI study, 2012, pp.13, 223~231
