예술가의 집이 공공화 된 작가가옥미술관 고찰

Abstract

The object of this study is to examine the concept and current state of the artist’s house museum, an artist's house converted into an art museum and to consider its necessity. Since its inception, the art museum has undergone a variety of changes in its concept. After an early formative period it has settled into the concept of a public art museum with the advent of civil society. All the same, the modern art museum was utilized as a political tool. This led to a result in which an artwork was separated from its own context and was less sufficient in bringing any amusement to the general public at the museum. An expanded concept of art museums, such as the echo-museum based on a specific region or area and the house museum has emerged for the purpose of overcoming the usual limitations of an art museum. An artist’s house museum is one of the new types of eclectic museums. Unlike art culture in advanced countries including Europe where artists’ houses have been preserved and refurbished into art museums, Korea has no great experiences of their establishment and management and research pertaining to this is still in its beginning stages. This study classifies surveys and case studies of the artist’s house museum both in Europe and Korea by types, tapping into the researcher’s field experience of the artist’s house museum on the spot of an art museum as a research base. As a result, the needs for an artist’s house museum include 1) research foundation formation, 2) the recovery of temporal and spatial contexts primarily on the spot, 3) a compromise between artistry and popularity, and 4) the excavation of local cultural resources and its vitalization. Korea has lost its innumerable cultural heritage, going through its modern history fraught with wars and colonial experiences but recently launched its efforts to preserve them. An artist’s house museum will work as the base for preserving cultural heritage and forging common memories. What matters in managing an artist’s house museum are 1) the selection of an artist who has made prolific achievements, 2) a constant collaboration between administrator and artist, and 3) development of programs utilizing the distinct characteristics of locality. This study is expected to serve as an opportunity to discuss the establishment of a museum culture as a place where local cultural heritage is preserved, a sense of cultural pride is enhanced in the hearts of local residents, and they are able to enjoy art and culture in their everyday lives.