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아산화질소 환원 세균 컨소시움의 특성

Characterization of a Nitrous Oxide-reducing Bacterial Consortium

조경숙|권지현|박형주
한국미생물·생명공학회 (The Korean Society For Microbiology And Biotechnology)|2019.12|한국미생물·생명공학회지 (Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters)|제47권 제4호|pp. 630-638|DOI 10.4014/mbl.1908.08004

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키워드

greenhouse gasNitrous oxideconsortiumdenitrificationenrichment culturefunctional gene
주제분류생물학

초록

아산화질소는 이산화탄소보다 약 310배 높은 지구온난화지수를 갖는 주요 온실가스이다. 본 연구에서는 아산화질소배출저감을 위해 고도처리슬러지를 접종원으로 이용하여 아산화질소 환원 컨소시움을 확보하였다. 이 컨소시움의 우점종은 Sulfurovum (17.95%), Geobacter (14.63%), Rectinema (11.45%)와 Chlorobium (8.24%)이었다. 아산화질소 환원 컨소시움의 활성에 미치는 C/N 비(mol·mol-1), 탄소원의 영향을 조사한 결과, C/N 비 6.3 및 아세트산을 탄소원으로 공급한 조건에서 최대 아산화질소 환원 활성을 나타냈다. 또한, 본 컨소시움의 3,000 ppm 이하의 아산화질소 농도 범위에서 아산화질소 농도가 증가할수록 환원속도도 증가하였다. 속도론적 해석 결과, 아산화질소 환원 컨소시움의 최대 아산화질소 환원 속도는 163.9 μg-N·g VSS-1·h-1이었다. 본Consortium은 아산화질소를 N2로 환원하는데 관여를 nosZ 뿐만 아니라, 질산염을 아질산염으로 환원하는 narG, 아질산염을 일산화질소로 환원하는 nirK 유전자 및 일산화질소를 아산화질소를 환원하는 norB 유전자를 모두 보유하고 있었다. 이는 본 컨소시움은 아산화질소 제거 공정 뿐 만 아니라, 탈질공정에도 활용 가능한 유용한 미생물 자원임을 의미한다.

Abstract

Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a greenhouse gas with a global warming potential 310 times higher than that of carbon dioxide. In this study, an N2O-reducing consortium was obtained by enrichment culture using advanced treatment sludge as the inoculum. The dominant bacteria in the consortium were Sulfurovum (17.95%), Geobacter (14.63%), Rectinema (11.45%), and Chlorobium (8.24%). The consortium displayed optimal N2O reducing activity when acetate was supplied as the carbon source at a carbon/nitrogen ratio (mol·mol-1) of 6.3. The N2O reduction rate increased with increasing N2O concentration at less than 3,000 ppm. Kinetic analysis revealed that the maximum N2O reduction rate of the consortium was 163.9 μg-N·g-VSS-1·h-1. Genes present in the consortium included nosZ (reduction of nitrous oxide to N2), narG (reduction of nitrate to nitrite), nirK (reduction of nitrite to nitric oxide), and norB (reduction of nitric oxide to nitrous oxide). These results indicate that the N2O-reducing consortium is a promising bioresource that can be used in denitrification and N2O mitigation.

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