Factors associated with Advanced Bone Age in Overweight and Obese Children
2
조회
0
다운로드
4
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Purpose: Obese children may often present with advanced bone age. We aimed to evaluate the correlation between factors associated with childhood obesity and advanced bone age. Methods: We enrolled 232 overweight or obese children. Anthropometric and laboratory data, and the degree of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) were measured. We analyzed factors associated with advanced bone age by measuring the differences between bone and chronological ages. Results: The normal and advanced bone age groups were comprised of 183 (78.9%) and 49 (21.1%) children, respectively. The prevalence of advanced bone age significantly increased as the percentiles of height, weight, waist circumference, and body mass index (BMI) increased. BMI z-score was higher in the advanced bone age group than in the normal bone age group (2.43±0.52 vs. 2.10±0.46; p<0.001). The levels of insulin (27.80±26.13 μU/mL vs. 18.65±12.33 μU/mL; p=0.034) and homeostatic model assessment–insulin resistance (6.56±6.18 vs. 4.43±2.93; p=0.037) were significantly higher, while high density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels were lower (43.88±9.98 mg/dL vs. 48.95±10.50 mg/dL; p=0.005) in the advanced bone age group compared to those in the normal bone age group, respectively. The prevalence of advanced bone age was higher in obese children with metabolic syndrome than in those without (28.2% vs. 14.7%; p=0.016). The prevalence of advanced bone age was higher in obese children with a more severe degree of NAFLD. Conclusion: Advanced bone age is associated with a severe degree of obesity and its complications.
Abstract
Purpose: Obese children may often present with advanced bone age. We aimed to evaluate the correlation between factors associated with childhood obesity and advanced bone age. Methods: We enrolled 232 overweight or obese children. Anthropometric and laboratory data, and the degree of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) were measured. We analyzed factors associated with advanced bone age by measuring the differences between bone and chronological ages. Results: The normal and advanced bone age groups were comprised of 183 (78.9%) and 49 (21.1%) children, respectively. The prevalence of advanced bone age significantly increased as the percentiles of height, weight, waist circumference, and body mass index (BMI) increased. BMI z-score was higher in the advanced bone age group than in the normal bone age group (2.43±0.52 vs. 2.10±0.46; p<0.001). The levels of insulin (27.80±26.13 μU/mL vs. 18.65±12.33 μU/mL; p=0.034) and homeostatic model assessment–insulin resistance (6.56±6.18 vs. 4.43±2.93; p=0.037) were significantly higher, while high density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels were lower (43.88±9.98 mg/dL vs. 48.95±10.50 mg/dL; p=0.005) in the advanced bone age group compared to those in the normal bone age group, respectively. The prevalence of advanced bone age was higher in obese children with metabolic syndrome than in those without (28.2% vs. 14.7%; p=0.016). The prevalence of advanced bone age was higher in obese children with a more severe degree of NAFLD. Conclusion: Advanced bone age is associated with a severe degree of obesity and its complications.
참고문헌 (27)
- 강기수, "Nutritional Counseling for Obese Children with Obesity-Related Metabolic Abnormalities in Korea", Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, 20(2), pp.71~78 (2017), 대한소아소화기영양학회
- Min-Su Oh, "Associations among the Degree of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Metabolic Syndrome, Degree of Obesity in Children, and Parental Obesity", Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, 19(3), pp.199~206 (2016), 대한소아소화기영양학회
- Grant-Guimaraes J, "Childhood overweight and obesity", Gastroenterol Clin North Am, 45, pp.715~728 (2016)
- Marcovecchio ML, "Obesity and growth during childhood and puberty", World Rev Nutr Diet, 106, pp.135~141 (2013)
- Johnson W, "Patterns of linear growth and skeletal maturation from birth to 18 years of age in overweight young adults", Int J Obes, 36, pp.535~541 (2012)
- Stovitz SD, "Growing into obesity : patterns of height growth in those who become normal weight, overweight, or obese as young adults", Am J Hum Biol, 23, pp.635~641 (2011)
- 문진수, "2007 한국 소아 청소년 성장도표 : 개발 과정과 전망", Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics, 51(1), pp.1~25 (2008), 대한소아청소년과학회
- 추미애, "의학강좌", 한국 소아청소년 비만과 대사 증후군, 2010, pp.53(2), 142~152[DOI]
- Saadeh S, "The utility of radiological imaging in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease", Gastroenterology, 123, pp.745~750 (2002)
- Lambert M, "Insulin resistance syndrome in a representative sample of children and adolescents from Quebec, Canada", Int J Obes, 28, pp.833~841 (2004)
- 조기영, "소아청소년 비만에서 생활습관과 대사증후군의 연관성", Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, 11(2), pp.150~159 (2008), 대한소아소화기영양학회
- Tanner JM, "Assessment of skeletal maturity and prediction of adult height(TW3 method)" (2001), W. B. Saunders
- Klein KO, "Bone maturation along the spectrum from normal weight to obesity : a complex interplay of sex, growth factors and weight gain", J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab, 29, pp.311~318 (2016)
- Sopher AB, "Bone age advancement in prepubertal children with obesity and premature adrenarche: possible potentiating factors", Obesity(Silver Spring), 19, pp.1259~1264 (2011)
- Lee HS, "The association between bone age advancement and insulin resistance in prepubertal obese children", Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes, 123, pp.604~607 (2015)
- Gurnurkar S, "Skeletal maturation and predicted adult height in children with premature adrenarche", J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab, 27, pp.69~74 (2014)
- Corvalán C, "Obesity is positively associated with dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate concentrations at 7 y in Chilean children of normal birth weight", Am J Clin Nutr, 97, pp.318~325 (2013)
- Keane VA, "Nelson textbook of pediatrics" (2016), Elsevier
- Baker S, "Overweight children and adolescents : a clinical report of the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition", J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr, 40, pp.533~543 (2005)
- He Q, "Bmi in childhood and its association with height gain, timing of puberty, and final height", Pediatr Res, 49, pp.244~251 (2001)
- Russell DL, "The relation between skeletal maturation and adiposity in African American and Caucasian children", J Pediatr, 139, pp.844~848 (2001)
- Wu S, "Insulin resistance secondary to a high-fat diet stimulates longitudinal bone growth and growth plate chondrogenesis in mice", Endocrinology, 152, pp.468~475 (2011)
- Pinhas-Hamiel O, "Advanced bone age and hyperinsulinemia in overweight and obese children", Endocr Pract, 20, pp.62~67 (2014)
- Vos MB, "NASPGHAN clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in children : recommendations from the Expert Committee on NAFLD(ECON)and the North American Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition(NASPGHAN)", J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr, 64, pp.319~334 (2017)
- Pludowski P, "Accelarated skeletal maturation in children with primary hypertension", Hypertension, 54, pp.1234~1239 (2009)
- Burt Solorzano CM, "Obesity and the pubertal transition in girls and boys", Reproduction, 140, pp.399~410 (2010)
- De Leonibus C, "Update on statural growth and pubertal development in obese children", Pediatr Rep, 4, pp.e35~ (2012)