지각된 사회적 위험과 제품 구매상황별 색채 적합성이소비자의 유무채색 제품 선택에 미치는 영향
The Effect of Perceived Social Risk and Color Congruity on Consumer Choice of Product Colors
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초록
본 연구는 소비자가 지각하는 사회적 위험의 수준과 제품 구매상황별 색채 적합성이 소비자의 유무채색 제품 선호도에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 색채 선호도는 소비자 개인의 가치를 나타내는 개념이면서 소비자 개인이 속한 사회 속에서 학습하는 개념이다. 따라서 본 연구는 지각된 사회적 위험이 소비자의 유무채색 제품 선택에 영향을 줄 것으로 예상하고 실증을 위하여 3(사회적 위험: 통제집단, 낮음, 높음)×2(구매상황별 색채 적합성: 유채색이 어울리는 상황, 무채색이 어울리는 상황)의 집단 간 실험설계를 바탕으로 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 데이터 분석 결과, (가) 유채색의 제품이 어울리는 상황일 경우, 사회적 위험이 높은 집단과 비교했을 때 사회적 위험이 존재하지 않는 통제집단과 사회적 위험이 낮은 집단에서 무채색 보다 유채색을 선택하는 비율이 높은 반면에, (나) 무채색의 제품이 어울리는 구매상황의 경우, 사회적 위험이 존재하지 않는 통제집단과 사회적 위험이 낮은 집단, 그리고 높은 집단 모두에서 유채색 보다는 무채색을 선호하는 비율이 높았다. 이러한 연구 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구는 (가) 유채색 제품선택이 어울리는 상황에서, 사회적 위험의 수준에 따라 유무채색의 선호도가 달라질 수 있으며, (나) 무채색 제품 선택이 어울리는 상황의 경우, 사회적 위험의 수준과 무관하게 무채색을 선택한다고 결론지었다. 본 논문은 소비자의 색채 선호도가 그들의 가치와 개성을 표현하는 수단이지만, 제품 선택 과정에서는 구매 상황별 색채 적합성과 지각된 사회적 위험에 따라 그 역할에 정도의 차이가 있음을 입증함으로써 소비자의 색채 선호도에 대한 향후 마케팅 연구를 위한 시사점을 제공한다.
Abstract
Choice of product colors can reveal what kind of personality and values consumers have. Depending on whether or not consumer choice of product colors fits with social norms and purchase occasions, however, consumers oftentimes have to choose less-preferred product colors over their favorites. In order to investigate the effect of perceived social risk and color congruity on consumer choice of product colors, we conduct a laboratory experiment employing a 3(perceived social risk: low, high, control group)×2(color congruity: color congruent, color incongruent purchase situation) between-subjects design. The findings of our logistic regression analysis indicate that consumers under lower social risk and no risk conditions are more likely than those under high social risk to choose chromatic product colors(vs. achromatic product colors) when colorful product choices fit with their purchase occasions. Regardless of social risk, however, our findings demonstrate that consumers are likely to choose achromatic product colors more than chromatic product colors when colorful product choices do not match with their purchase occasions. Both theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed.
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