고구려 통구 고분군 3~5세기 계단적석총 축조기법 연구

Abstract

To understand Goguryeo society in the mid-term, the Tonggou Ancient Tumuli have been perceived as the main data and the Tumuli were composed of stone mound tomb. Chronology of the stone mound tomb generally has been conceded in a macroscopic view. However, it is hard to understand the structural features of stone mound tomb because it has masonry stone structure. Therefore, it is consequential to distinguish between burial type and mound type to understand stone mound tomb. On the other hand, in the perspective of ‘stone’, single unit material that composed the stone mound tomb, has not been focused. The stone is not only the most remained material related to mound type of stone mound tomb and but also the basic foundation that affects the structural stability of stone mound tomb. However in some cases, the front elevation drawing of stone mound tomb was not included in excavation research reports. Therefore, structural analysis of stone mound tomb is attempted in this report by brief measurement through on-site survey in Tonggou with existing elevation drawings. Referring to engineering research about 'retaining wall', the size and shape of the stone and piling method of stone are analyzed as the main elements of the stability of the stone mound tomb. Accordingly, it could be categorized into three types according to appearance of stone processing as construction materials. Stone mound tomb could be devided into three major stages, referring to the previous Chronology; A-type stone mound tomb construction phase from end of the AD 3rd century, the B-type stone mound tomb construction phase from the first half of the AD 4th century to the second half of the AD 4th century. From the late 4th to early 5th centuries, stone mound tomb were constructed using large-scale B-type stone and C-type stone. Through a series of analysis, it allowed us to explain the existing classifications in detail by analyzing structural stability, construction efficiency, and the purpose of constructing the “High mound tomb”. And we can confirm that the change of the mound was developed to promote structural stability based on the structural understanding of the construction builders at that time.