基于语料库的汉语近义词偏误分析 －以“后来、以后、然后”为例－

Abstract

This paper takes ‘后来、以后、然后’ as the object of study，investigates the errors in HSK dynamic composition corpus，and analyzes the reasons for the errors among the three synonyms from the perspective of lexicalization. Through the investigation of the corpus，it is found that learners often mix these three words in the process of using them. The reasons are as follows: First，in the process of lexicalization，‘后来、以后、然后’ have all produced the semantics related to the time category. But ‘后来’ can only be used to describe the past events，while ‘以后’ and ‘然后’ can be used to describe both the past events and the future events. Secondly，‘后来、以后、然后’ also have different characteristics in syntactic collocation '后来' usually appears in the position of adverbial in syntax，with the form of ‘后来+VP’ being the most common ‘以后’ usually appears in the form of' (自/从)X以后'in collocation，while ‘然后’ uses the collocation of ‘先……，然后……’ as its explicit collocation to indicate the order of events. Thirdly，‘后来’ mainly means ‘result undertaking’，‘以后’ mainly means change undertaking，and ‘然后’ means sequential undertaking. Because the three words are often used between two events，playing a role of connecting the past and the future，they have both commonalities and individuality. Finally，‘后来、以后、然后’ take two events before and after. Although both can express the time quantity，there are also time intervals when compared with each other.