수도권의 스마트물류센터와 기존 물류센터의 입지 및 건축 특성에 대한 비교 연구
A Comparative Study on the Location and Architectural Characteristics of Smart and Conventional Logistics Centers in the Seoul Metropolitan Area
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초록
생활물류 수요 증가에 따라 고효율 첨단 물류시설의 수요가 확대되고 있으며, 정부는 스마트물류센터 인증제도와 자금 지원을 통해 2025년 1월 기준 수도권에서 29개 센터를 인증하였다. 본 연구는 인증 스마트물류센터와 일반 물류센터의 위치 및 건축물대장 정보를 활용해 입지 및 건축 특성을 비교·분석하였다. 주요 변수는 사회·경제적 요인, 교통 접근성, 건축 특성 등이며, 주성분분석(PCA)과 Mann–Whitney U 검정을 통해 특성 차이를 실증적으로 검토하였다. 분석 결과, 스마트물류센터는 공간 효율성을 중시하고, 일반 물류센터는 외부 입지 요인에 더 많이 의존하는 경향이 확인되었다. 이러한 결과는 향후 스마트물류센터 입지 및 정책 설계 시 건축 특성과 도시 기반시설의 균형적 고려 필요성을 시사한다.
Abstract
With the growing demand for everyday logistics, the need for high-efficiency, advanced logistics facilities has been increasing. In response, the South Korean government operates a smart logistics center certification system and, through support measures including facility investment loans and interest rate subsidies, certified 29 smart logistics centers in the Seoul metropolitan area as of January 2025. Despite this increase, empirical research on the locational and architectural characteristics of smart logistics centers remains limited. This study conducts a comparative analysis of the physical characteristics of certified smart logistics centers in the Seoul metropolitan area and conventional logistics centers registered as warehouse businesses, utilizing location information and building registry data. Key variables include socio-economic factors, transportation accessibility, and architectural features. Principal Component Analysis was employed to extract core factors, and the Mann–Whitney U test was used to statistically verify differences in physical attributes between the two groups. The findings reveal that smart logistics centers tend to prioritize architectural designs that emphasize spatial efficiency over accessibility, while conventional logistics centers show a stronger reliance on external locational factors such as the number of surrounding businesses. These results underscore the importance of balancing architectural features with urban infrastructure considerations in future policy and planning efforts for smart logistics center development.