한국전쟁기 여성 문화인의 협력과 위반 - 종군 기관지 『코메트』, 『戰線文學』을 중심으로

Abstract

The female writers who published articles in an army magazines had a hierarchical identity as the cultured men. Also They were in charge of producing discourse of ‘women-nation’ by cooperating with 'Nation building' during the war. This paper presupposes that the Korean War was a gender crisis that fixed the gender inequality structure. The purpose of this paper was to examine the ambivalence of the writing of female writers in Jeonsun-Munhak and Comet. The culture claimed by the cultured men symbolized the spiritual medium that united the nation and the people and the power of the people to lead the war to victory. Culture supported the national discourse during the war period, including 'Nation building'. The Cultured men argued that cultural development can be achieved through participation in the war. They also defined war as an inevitable process of new cultural development, and recognized it as an opportunity to promote the excellence of Korean culture. However, the cultured men had a discriminatory gender perception. They criticized women's attitudes about the social issues of increasing war widows, increasing prostitution and prostitution. They pointed out that sexually liberal women's attitudes hinder the interests of the nation. It is difficult to find direct opposition from female writers to this. At that time, female writers were following traditional gender norms while encouraging women to participate in the war by showing their patriotism. Along with anti-communist ideology and militarism, the patriarchal order that supported 'Nation building' controlled women's public activities and living norms. The writing of female writers sympathized with the social criticism and public opinion of war widows and prostitutes, but at the same time gave them a transcendent status that could not evaluate femininity with a masculine perspective. The female writers sensed that war caused a gender crisis and projected the desire for violation in their writing, which they refused to be caught in the masculine gaze. The ambivalence of cooperation and violation in the writing of female writers asks indirectly what war is rather than showing who women are. The ambivalence in writing means a response to the gender crisis during the war.