민주적' 거버넌스와 시민사회: 시민사회 파트너십을 중심으로
‘Democratic' Governance and Civil Society:Focused on the Government-Civil Society Partnership
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‘민주적’ 거버넌스는 ‘좋은’ 거버넌스와 달리, 민주주의 원칙들에 초점을 맞춰 정부에 대한 시민사회의 자율성을 기초로, 책무성, 투명성, 자치역량을 중시한다. ‘민주적’ 거버넌스를 위해 정부와 시민사회는 ‘더 많은’, ‘더 포용적’, ‘더 역량적’ 관계로 진전되어야 한다. 영국의 정부-시민사회 관계 협약이 시사하듯이, 정부가 시민사회의 자율성과 사회문제 해결의 창의성을 정책에 응용해 국정을 효율적으로 운영하려는 정치적 의지의 표명과 실천이 필요하다. 한국의 정부는 시민사회를 국정의 파트너보다는 이용할 도구로 간주하는 ‘도구적’ 거버넌스가 지배적이다. ‘민주적’ 거버넌스를 지향하기 위해 중장기적으로 정부와 시민사회가 더 많이, 더 포용적인, 더 역량적인 지속적인 파트너십 관계를 통해 ‘도구적’ 차원을 넘어, ‘보완적’이거나 ‘전환적’ 거버넌스를 지향하는 과제를 안고 있다.
Abstract
'Democratic' governance, distinct from 'good' governance, concerns about the democratic principles such as the autonomy of civil society, transparency, accountability and empowerment. As the UK Compact on relations between the government and civil society shows a good example, the government has to have a strong political will and commitment to pursue a sustainable partnership with civil society by adopting the civil society’s autonomy and innovative competence to the process of policy design and implementation. There is a strong tendency for the government of Korea to consider civil society as an instrument rather than a policy partner. For the governance to be transformed from the 'instrumental' to the 'supplementary' or 'transitory' and thereby the 'democratic' governance to be achieved, both the government and civil society are demanded to pursue 'more often', 'more inclusive' and 'more competent' partnership relations.
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