China’s Maritime Silk Road Initiative Strategy in the Eastern Mediterranean: The Cypriot Option
0
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
In recent years, the Eastern Mediterranean has emerged as a crucial component of the People’s Republic of China’s (PRC) Maritime Silk Road Initiative strategy (MSRI) with particular importance for its BRI (Belt and Road Initiative). Chinese investments in port facilities and key large-scale infrastructure projects in the Eastern Mediterranean aim to open new trade links between China and the Eurasia-Africa regions. This study examines the Chinese MSRI strategy in the Eastern Mediterranean by focusing on the Cypriot option as a new BRI trade node and route. PRC’s relations with Cyprus are almost exclusively linked to its MSRI strategy in the Eastern Mediterranean and energy projects. Although the BRI framework does not immediately bring PRC and Cyprus closer, it allows the two countries to discuss China’s new role in the Mediterranean region and maximize the bilateral relationships without challenging Cyprus’s pro-West orientation.
Abstract
In recent years, the Eastern Mediterranean has emerged as a crucial component of the People’s Republic of China’s (PRC) Maritime Silk Road Initiative strategy (MSRI) with particular importance for its BRI (Belt and Road Initiative). Chinese investments in port facilities and key large-scale infrastructure projects in the Eastern Mediterranean aim to open new trade links between China and the Eurasia-Africa regions. This study examines the Chinese MSRI strategy in the Eastern Mediterranean by focusing on the Cypriot option as a new BRI trade node and route. PRC’s relations with Cyprus are almost exclusively linked to its MSRI strategy in the Eastern Mediterranean and energy projects. Although the BRI framework does not immediately bring PRC and Cyprus closer, it allows the two countries to discuss China’s new role in the Mediterranean region and maximize the bilateral relationships without challenging Cyprus’s pro-West orientation.
참고문헌 (68)
- Great Powers Involvement in Eastern Mediterranean, "Alexandrova-Arbatova, Nadia", Cyprus Center for European and International Affairs, ~ (2018)
- "China overtakes US as EU’s biggest trading partner" (2021)[URL]
- Blanchard, Jean-Marc F., "The Geopolitics of China’s Maritime Silk Road Initiative", Geopolitics, 22(2), pp.223~225 (2017)
- Blanchard, Jean-Marc F., "China’s Maritime Silk Road Initiative, Africa, and the Middle East: Feats, Freezes, and Failures" (2020), Palgrave Macmillan
- Cai, Peter, "Understanding China’s Belt and Road Initiative" (2017), Lowy Institute for International Policy
- "China Is Done Biding Its Time: The End of Beijing’s Foreign Policy Restraint?" (2020)[URL]
- Chaziza, Mordechai, "China’s Maritime Silk Road Initiative, Africa, and the Middle East: Feats, Freezes, and Failures", pp.255~283 (2021), Palgrave Macmillan
- Chaziza, Mordechai, "China Middle East Diplomacy: The Belt and Road Strategic Partnership" (2020), Sussex Academic Press
- Chaziza, Mordechai, "China and the Persian Gulf : The New Silk Road Strategy and Emerging Partnerships" (2019), Sussex Academic Press
- Chaziza, Mordechai, "The Chinese Maritime Silk Road Initiative: The Role of the Mediterranean", Mediterranean Quarterly, 29(2), pp.54~69 (2018)
- "Counties and Regions" (2021)[URL]
- "China, Cyprus Builds Strategic Partnership, Promote China EU Cooperation and BRI" (2021)[URL]
- "Imports and exports by country/region" (2020)[URL]
- "Chinese Investments & Contracts in Cyprus (2005-2019)" (2020)[URL]
- "China, Cyprus decide to upgrade ties to strategic partnership" (2021)[URL]
- Clarke, Michael, "The Belt and Road Initiative: China’s New Grand Strategy?", Asia Policy, 24(1), pp.71~79 (2017)
- "Everything Is for Sale in Cyprus, and China’s Buying" (2018)[URL]
- "Eastern Med Gas: A Source of Excitement, and Tension" (2019)[URL]
- "Blue China in the Mediterranean, Beyond Port Management" (2019)[URL]
- "“China in the Mediterranean: An Emerging Presence.” Notes de l’Ifri" (2018)[URL]
- Evron, Yoram, "The Challenge of Implementing the Belt and Road Initiative in the Middle East : Connectivity Projects under Conditions of Limited Political Engagement", The China Quarterly, 237, pp.196~216 (2019)
- Claudio Ferrari, "Effects of BRI strategy on Mediterranean shipping transport", Journal of Shipping and Trade, 5(1) (2020), Springer Science and Business Media LLC[DOI]
- "Cyprus merchant fleet triples in a decade" (2021)[URL]
- Fulton, Jonathan, "China’s Presence in the Middle East: The Implications of the One Belt One Road Initiative", The Red Star and the Crescent: China and the Middle East, 2018, pp.72(2), 341~343
- "Rising Tensions in the Eastern Mediterranean:Another South China Sea?”" (2018)[URL]
- "China, Greece agree to push ahead with COSCO’s Piraeus Port investment" (2019)[URL]
- "Reflecting on China’s presence in the Mediterranean region" (2017)[URL]
- "Piraeus largest European Med port in 2020" (2021)[URL]
- "Med ports surpass northern Europe in container transport" (2018)[URL]
- Hlongwa, Lungani, "China’s Maritime Silk Road Initiative: A quest for sea power", South African Journal of Military Studies, 48(2), pp.21~37 (2020)
- Hoh, Anchi, "China’s Belt and Road Initiative in Central Asia and the Middle East", Digest of Middle East Studies, 28(2), pp.241~276 (2019)
- "Analysis: Cypriot dependency on China hampers a coordinated EU response to Hong Kong" (2021)[URL]
- Horesh, Niv, "Toward Well-Oiled Relations? China’s Presence in the Middle East Following the Arab Spring" (2016), Palgrave Macmillan
- "Cyprus can promote the values of the Silk Road Initiative, Anastasiades tells Beijing conference" (2015)[URL]
- Kamel, Maha S., "China’s Belt and Road Initiative: Implications for the Middle East", Cambridge Review of International Affairs, 31(1), pp.76~95 (2018)
- "Chinese Garland of Pearls in Mediterranean: A Strategic Loop of Power and Influence" (2020)[URL]
- "Greece, Israel, Cyprus sign EastMed gas pipeline deal" (2020)[URL]
- Lee, Tai-Hwan, "One Belt, One Road strategy and Korean-Chinese cooperation", The Newsletter, (74) (2016)
- Len, Christopher, "China’s 21st Century Maritime Silk Road Initiative, Energy Security and SLOC Access", Maritime Affairs: Journal of the National Maritime Foundation of India, 11(1), pp.1~18 (2015)
- "Forwarders switch focus from costly air and ocean to overland Asia-Europe" (2020)[URL]
- China’s Belt and Road: Implications for the United States, "Lew, Jacob J.", The Council on Foreign Relations (CFR), ~, pp.Independent Task Force Report No. 79 (2021)
- Lin, Christina, "The Belt and Road and China’s Long-term Visions in the Middle East", ISPSW Strategy Series: Focus on Defense and International Security, (512) (2017)
- "The New Sea People: China in the Mediterranean" (2018)[URL]
- Strategic Rivalry between United States and China Causes, Trajectories, and Implications for Europe, "Lippert, Barbara", ~ (2020)
- "China’s One Belt One Road Initiative and the Gulf Pearl Chain" (2017)[URL]
- "BRI, the Chinese bid for Syria’s Reconstruction" (2018)[URL]
- "Wang Yi Meets with President Nicos Anastasiades of Cyprus" (2019)[URL]
- "A Concise Guide to the Belt and Road Initiative" (2019)[URL]
- "Navigating High Seas" (2020)[URL]
- "Cyprus upgrades vessel traffic system" (2020)[URL]
- Singapore”, "Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung’s “Regional Programme Political Dialogue Asia", pp.2020, Okano-Heijmans, Maaike
- Paul van der Putten, Frans, "Infrastructure and geopolitics: China’s emerging presence in the eastern Mediterranean", Journal of Balkan and Near Eastern Studies, 18(4), pp.337~351 (2016)
- Pedi, Revecca, "Aristotle Tziampiris", pp.151~167 (2019), Springer
- "Chinese company wins bid to run new Haifa port" (2015)[URL]
- Qian, Xuewen, "The New Silk Road in West Asia under “the Belt and Road” Initiative", Journal of Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies (in Asia), 10(1), pp.26~55 (2016)
- "East Mediterranean states formally establish Egypt-based gas forum" (2020)[URL]
- "Assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources of the Levant Basin Province, Eastern Mediterranean: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2010-3014" (2010)[URL]
- "Israel, Greece and Cyprus Back EastMed Gas Pipeline" (2018)[URL]
- "China’s Road: into the Western Balkans" (2017)[URL]
- "China also states its presence in Cyprus" (2019)[URL]
- Tzogopoulos, George N., "Greece, Israel, and China’s “Belt and Road”Initiative", Mideast Security and Policy Studies, (139), pp.139~ (2017), The Begin-Sadat Center for Strategic Studies, Bar-Ilan University
- Wang, Yiwei, "The Belt and Road Initiative : what will China offer the world inits rise" (2016), New World Press
- Wu, Xiangning., "Technology, power, and uncontrolled great power strategic competition between China and the United States", China International Strategy Review, 2, pp.99~119 (2020)
- "Cyprus can play important role along the Maritime Silk Road: Chinese Ambassador" (2017)[URL]
- "Belt and Road Initiative can mutually benefit China, Cyprus:ambassador" (2017)[URL]
- "Full text: Vision for Maritime Cooperation under the Belt and Road Initiative" (2017)[URL]
- "BRI “great vision” of strong cooperation prospects, says Cyprus house president" (2019)[URL]
- "Cyprus minister eyes closer cooperation with China after discovery of large natural gas reserves" (2019)[URL]
