19세기 전라도 진도목장의 운영 실태

Abstract

Ranches in the Choson Period were regarded as significantly important in terms of constituting uses of national property. The Choson Period investigated a suitable proposed site for building a ranch. As a site for Jeonlado(全羅道) the climate in winter was temperate and its abundant aquatic plant made it the optimal site for a ranch. During the early days of the Choson Period, 34 ranches were established in Jeonlado among which 7 were Jindo(珍島) Ranch(牧場). Unfortunately, the Japanese invasion of Korea from 1592 to 1598 obliterated the horse registration record. In particular, ruined ranches were reclaimed by residents in order for them to acquire agricultural land. Jindo Ranch was no exception. 7 ranches established during the early days of the Choson Period disappeared and only that on Jiryeok(智力) Mountain remained for long in the middle of 17th Century. What caused these situations? Ranches on Jiryeok Mountain were situated at the southern end of Jindo. That is 400km from Haenam-gun (海南郡). Nonetheless, continued existence of ranches on Jiryeok Mountain until the 19th century was reasonably acceptable considering its port and sea route. This writing is a case study for the operational conditions of Jindo Ranch in Jeonlado in the 19th century. Numerous materials were researched and analyzed. These came from the fortress and palisade and were official documents of the servant temple as “mimeographed material for ranch(牧 場色謄錄)” and “pastoral records for Jindo Island(牧場地圖)”. This allowed the entire reconstruction of operational conditions of the ranch including the geographical conditions of Jiryeok Mountian, tax receipts of the ranch supervisor, shepherds, ranch horses and ranch people.