한말 求禮 義兵의 항일투쟁

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to look at the Righteous Armies (RA) in the Jeolla province. In this article, Gurye RA refers to the RA activity from Gurye(求禮) or RA activity developed on the stage of Gurye. It is difficult to find any specific research on Gurye RA. Accordingly, the figures who were from Gurye and participated in the RA and the characteristics of their RA activities were first reviewed. Next, the characteristics of a righteous camp, who was active in the Gurye area, were examined. As a result, RA from Gurye were born in the 1850s and 1880s, and the age of participants in RA activities at the time was between their 20s and 50s. Their status and occupation were identified as ordinary farmers or merchants, except for two Confucian scholars, Lim Hyun-joo(林顯周) and Yoo Byeong-gi(劉秉淇). Their residences are mainly mountainous areas such as Masan-myeon and Toji-myeon close to Mt. Jiri and Mt. Baegun. Some of them were active in a righteous camp in other regions, and most of RA who were active in Gurye belonged to a righteous camp Ko Gwang-soon(高光洵). Among them, Yoo Byeong-gi was the most notable RA leader. Baek Nak-gu(白樂九), Kim Dong-shin(金東臣), and Ko Gwang-soon are representative of the RA leaders from other regions who worked in Gurye. They organized their own righteous camps and were active in Gurye and other Mt, Jiri areas. Among them, Baek Nak-gu was the blind RA, and he was the first to raise a RA in Gurye. After that, Kim Dong-shin from Hoedeok(懷德), Chungcheongnam-do, and Ko Gwang-soon from Changpyeong (昌平), Jeollanam-do, staged an anti-Japanese struggle based on the so-called the theory of the base camp in Mt. Jiri(智異山根據地論). In particular, they contributed to the spread of RA by using temples in Gurye, such as the Munsuam Temple in Munsugol and the Yeongoksa Temple in Piagol, Mt. Jiri areas. In addition, they fought with the Japanese military and police by crossing Mt. Jiri areas such as Namwon(南原) in Jeollabuk-do, Gwangyang (光陽) and Gokseong(谷城) in Jeollanam-do, and Hamyang(咸陽) and Hadong (河東) in Gyeongsangnam-do, centering on Gurye. Their theory of the base camp in Mt. Jiri was well received by RA in the Samnam(三南, the three provinces) region, and around 1908, Mt. Jiri was transformed into a righteous army base camp.