연변 조선족 중·고교 교과서 수록 시 연구

Abstract

In Yanbian self-governing province, which is the only one for the Korean-Chinese in China, it is possible to publish Korean textbooks. Korean textbooks of middle schools and high schools in the province were re-edited in 1999 and 2000. As a result, 13 textbooks were published and 36 Korean poems were found in those books. 20 modern poems among them were studied in this paper. The poems were divided into ones before the Korean emancipation in 1945, South Korean ones, North Korean ones, and Yanbian ones on a large scale. 12 poems written before the Korean emancipation from the Japanese rule are composed of 4 pure lyric poems and 8 poems of resistance. The reason why the latter is two times as many as the former is that the editors of textbooks wanted to teach local and national patriotism to students. Only 3 South Korean poems are included in the textbooks. Besides, Jo Byeong-wha's poem is biased to instruction, Kim Sang-ok's and Jeong Wan-young's, which are sijo or Korean traditional odes, are inclined to be too retrospective and lamentable. 4 of 5 poems by North Korean poets are Jo Gi-cheon's. Moreover, in "Duman River" Jo designated the Soviet army as an emancipator and welcomed them who crossed Duman river after the Korean emancipation. And in "My Fatherland" he glorified Kim Il-seong and the communist party of North Korea. Finally, there are 9 poems by 6 Yanbian poets in the textbooks. With the exception of "If I Were A Waterdrop" and "Spring Water In Mountain Hometown", the others are full of significance. When Korean-Chinese poets write a poem in Korean, they are apt to be confused through the process of pursuing self-identity. Especially in his poem, "In This Land, In This Country", Bak Wha recognizes China as his 'fatherland' and pledges loyalty to her. It shows a part of Yanbian Korean-Chinese poets' agony.