‘조선어과 교과서’ 수록 詩歌의 식민 이데올로기

Abstract

This study made a general survey of the poems in the Joseon Language textbooks issued by the Government-General during the Japanese rule in terms of the principles of selecting works, strategies of percentage and placement, and subjects and materials as a general summary. Along with the Morals textbooks, Joseon Language textbooks were effective media that contributed to the social discipline of the ruled Korean people by having them internalize the values of instrumental modernity and expanding the corresponding behavioral criteria and styles. There were two kinds of Joseon language textbooks published those days; one was Joseon Language Reading Book, which was to help the students of primary and secondary school learn Joseon language, and the other was Chinese Reading Book in the Level of Joseon Language, which was to help the students learn Chinese according to their study levels of Joseon language. Within the formation where diverse kinds of literature and text were strategically placed, poems also had secret intentions and directionalities in their content, form, percentage, and placement based on the principle of selection and exclusion. There appear several collective emotions with certain directionality in the poems and songs in the Joseon Language textbooks in a repeated fashion, and those common emotions reduce the activeness of trying to eliminate the elements that are the basis of dissatisfaction to the minimum. The ruling Japanese transformed the Confucian virtues, which had long been established and exercised as the discipline principles of the hierarchical society for hundreds of years, such as loyalty and filial piety into the imperial ruling principles through the poems and songs in the Joseon Language textbooks. They added the colonial ideology of modern content to the ethical virtues internalized among the Joseon people and converted them into the common ideology proper for rule for utilization. In addition, they set the main situation for the poetic ego as a rural community and his vocation as farming, thus creating a sentiment of internalizing hardworking and diligence as the values to practice. The poems and songs in the Joseon Language Reading Book clearly played some of the social roles granted to Joseon language by the ruling Japanese and thus generated unique effects in inducing Joseon people to develop the attitudes and actions appropriate for the ruled society and colonized people. Their inducing Joseon people to accept pain as part of their everyday life conditions and give up resisting gives out some hints about their real intention of strategizing even the sentiment of the colonized people. Each of the aspects investigated in the study makes proof that the genre of poems and songs contributed to the formation of the ruling ideology.