근대 계몽기 교과서 수록 시가(詩歌)와 근대시 형성의 맹아(萌芽)

Abstract

This study examined the content and form characteristics of poems included in the college and private textbooks published during the modern enlightenment period. The poems included in the textbooks were characterized by the co-existence of new and traditional genres and the interactions, transformations, and mixes among the genres. In terms of organization, the early textbooks in both Korean and Chinese contained poems sporadically, and the ones published after 1908 made the introduction of poems regular. The specific patterns of genre choice and transformation show connections to modern poetry. Being transmitted orally and having the emotional power of influence, poems became a useful medium of ideology for enlightened subjects. The poems introduced in the textbooks all tried to create modern people in the nation-state via "loyalty," an ideology from the previous times. Enlightenment and modern times, which were the common criteria to select poems those days, went through changes according to the subjects of publication including college, the private sector, and Chosun Government-General. The traditional poems in the textbooks maintained the traditional style and transformed individual expressions of feelings into public emotions. Poetic narrators would turn into public speakers having enlightenment in them, and poetic interests would transform into public values. They became close to modern poetry in terms of poetic situation setting and specificity of imagination and depiction, but they failed to obtain a sense of beauty as lyric poems by still presenting such terms of enlightenment as loyalty and patriotism, national prosperity and military power, and civilization and progress in a conventional manner. The poems included in the textbooks during the modern enlightenment period showed the patterns of co-existence, clash, and mixture among diverse and heterogeneous things.