1990년대 시의 사회, 정치적 상상력과 소비자본주의: 소비자본주의에 대한 비판과 ‘서울’에 대한 표상을 중심으로

Abstract

The 1990s was the era of the ‘popular’. At this time, a new media environment was created, the Internet and popular culture began to lead the public's daily life in earnest, and consumer capitalism quickly replaced the ideological vacuum caused by the collapse of socialism in Eastern Europe. If the social and political imagination of poetry in the 1980s, the era of the 'people', was connected to communal subjects such as class and nation and ideological layers such as democracy and unification, the socio-political imagination of poetry in the 1990s was connected to individuals, new generations, and the masses. It was connected to new subjects and micropolitical issues such as 'capital', 'consumption', 'desire', and 'body'. In this article, first, the characteristics of poetry in the 1990s that critically look at 'capital' and '(consumption) desire' were linked to the problem of criticism of consumer capitalism. Second, through the cases that represent 'Seoul' as the center of desire and consumption, the perception of the world in poetry in the 1990s, that is, the attitude of negatively viewing Korean society at the time, was highlighted. Through these two points, this article revealed that the socio-political imagination of poetry in the 1990s converges to the problem of resistance and criticism against consumer capitalism. Even in the poetry of the 1990s, socio-political imagination existed. However, it was taking the issue of capitalist daily life as an important opportunity, and due to these characteristics, poetry and consumer capitalism in the 90s formed a dual relationship of fascination and disillusionment.