90년대 한국 현대시의 탈정치성과 신서정성 - 87민주화운동 이후의 특징을 중심으로 -

Abstract

The 1990s modern Korean poems came to have the qualities of the time through historical momentums of a pro-democracy movement called a resistance of June, 1987 and the collapse of the actual socialism. What is important is that '87 democratic uprising' is the phased completion of democratization, the power of which is much supplied from socialist ideology. But by the practice of that ideology to get done in history in its own way and the collapse of the East European bloc socialism, the deriving force of the practice, the main bodies of a literary movement who stood '80s came to temporarily lose historical outlooks. The achievement of distorted democratization and ideology missing, which mean an important foundation to form '90s literature. Because of this change '90s poems became clearly different with '80s poems. In other words, it means that the poems to aim at an ideology which were the mainstream of '80s literature were changed into de-ideological or de-politics inclination. Popular poems(labor poems) and dismantling poems which was the mainstream of 80s poems both had a clear political understanding by being placing in the tense relationship with absurd reality. In light of that, it can be called a character of '80s poems to have tried to put the thoughts and behaviors of the people of the day in the frame of a united recognition, that is, a massive discussion. In comparison, uncertainty is ingrained as a substantial characteristics of literature in '90s poems by the collapse of a massive discussion and historical direction missing. It can be said to have entered on a split phase from a unified and collective phase. So 90s poems are dominated by micro-discussion mainly laying stress on personal and daily desire. A matter taken into account with this is the recovery of lyricism. The essence of 80s poems are strain of keeping a certain distance and beginning a struggle. As a popular poem takes the themes of criticism and demagogy, it is predominant in resonable role and a dismantling poem has a strong logic of resistance by 'making unfamiliar' and 'anti-aesthetic attitude' as it intended ideological resistance through the destruction of a style. In that sense it is anti-lyricism. But 90s begins and poems show lyric inclination again in accordance with the change of the world. This is called an appearance of 'neo-lyricism'. It appearing in 90s engages with the decline of a 80s massive discussion, and appears as reflection on a consumer society to excessively expose environmental destruction and capitalistic desire. If we check and see these 90s poetic natural features, they are as follows. First, poems with the frustration of the expected horizon and the character of recollections were mass-produced. This is much found in poets in the line of popular realism. Second, poems noticeable in bringing daily into relief and physical esthetics appeared. The discoveries of poetic narrators living tedious days with getting carried away by material desire and losing true self are just here poets, which are ones called as 'daily poem', 'urban poem' etc. Third, lyricism came back again and poems to pursue the value of life appeared. 'Spiritualism poem' announced actively when 90s started and 'ecological poem' appearing the problem of ecosystem crisis show all this lyrical inclination. Judging by above-mentioned words we can authenticate 90s modern Korean poem was changed into the poem of micro-discussion which an individual was at the center of it from a massive discussion which an ideology was at the center of it.