High protective efficacy and upregulation of MAPK pathway- related genes in rainbow trout by immunization with auxotrophic Vibrio anguillarum mutant
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The protective ability of the alanine racemase (alr) genes knockout auxotrophic Vibrio anguillarum (Δalr1Δalr2 V. anguillarum) mutant was evaluated in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), and its protective efficacy was compared with the formalin-killed V. anguillarum vaccine. Fish immunized with Δalr1Δalr2 V. anguillarum demonstrated a significantly higher survival rate than fish immunized with formalin-killed V. anguillarum. In the serum agglutination test, fish immunized with Δalr1Δalr2 V. anguillarum showed significantly higher serum antibody titers than fish in the control group but did not show a significant difference compared to fish immunized with formalin-killed V. anguillarum, indicating other protective mechanisms might be involved in the higher protection by Δalr1Δalr2 V. anguillarum immunization. In the transcriptomic analysis at 4 weeks post-immunization, genes involved in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway were highly expressed in Δalr1Δalr2 V. anguillarum immunized fish. Considering the crucial role of the MAPKs in the host defense response against infection, the highly expressed MAPK pathway genes before challenge in Δalr1Δalr2 V. anguillarum immunized fish might have a possibility to facilitate protective immune responses.
Abstract
The protective ability of the alanine racemase (alr) genes knockout auxotrophic Vibrio anguillarum (Δalr1Δalr2 V. anguillarum) mutant was evaluated in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), and its protective efficacy was compared with the formalin-killed V. anguillarum vaccine. Fish immunized with Δalr1Δalr2 V. anguillarum demonstrated a significantly higher survival rate than fish immunized with formalin-killed V. anguillarum. In the serum agglutination test, fish immunized with Δalr1Δalr2 V. anguillarum showed significantly higher serum antibody titers than fish in the control group but did not show a significant difference compared to fish immunized with formalin-killed V. anguillarum, indicating other protective mechanisms might be involved in the higher protection by Δalr1Δalr2 V. anguillarum immunization. In the transcriptomic analysis at 4 weeks post-immunization, genes involved in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway were highly expressed in Δalr1Δalr2 V. anguillarum immunized fish. Considering the crucial role of the MAPKs in the host defense response against infection, the highly expressed MAPK pathway genes before challenge in Δalr1Δalr2 V. anguillarum immunized fish might have a possibility to facilitate protective immune responses.