1910년대 일본의 개인주의와 아나키즘 - 오스기 사카에(大杉榮)와 『근대사상(近代思想)』을 중심으로-

Abstract

This study is about the relationship between the trend of individualism and anarchism that was prevalent in Japan in the 1910s. It examined how the trend of individualism of that time affected the establishment process of Japanese anarchism theory centering on Modern Thought that Osugi Sakae took the initiative in publishing and in the process or after that, what the aspect of mutual arguments with other thoughts was like. Osugi inherited Direct Action of Syndicalisme by Kotoku Shusui, while actively accepted thoughts of individualistic anarchist, Max Stirner and George Palante including a philosopher of life, Bergson or Guyau and established characteristic anarchism theory and movement theory based on 'the freedom of the individual'. Osugi formalized the combination of individual revolution and social revolution based on individual initiative and spontaneity as "social individualism" and he led the literary circles' movement in the second half of the Taisho times with this anarchism theory. Like this, the value of 'the freedom of the individual', one of the most important characteristics of anarchism theory shows most characteristically from Osgi.