「お答えになる」·「答えられる」·「言われる」의 사용상의 기준에 있어서의 번역자의 표현의도－일본어 성서(新共同訳) 4복음서를 대상으로 하여－

Abstract

In the present paper, we analyzed the usage of Okotaeninaru, Kotaerareru, and Iwareru which appear in four different Japanese versions of the Bible published by the Japanese Bible Association. It was found that there are three usage norms in the selection of the three words in the translated versions: 1) the characteristics of the honorific agent, 2) the domain difference in the uttered context and 3) the talker’s social status. <1> In Matthew, these usage norms seem to be respected as the translators strictly distinguish between Okotaeninaru of the Naru-type honorific and Iwareru of the Reru-type honorific. <2> In Mark, the social status of the honored agent Jesus is referred to either as a honored God or a peer human being. Okotaeninaru is used for the former while Kotaerareru for the latter. <3> In Luke, Jesus is characterized not as a human being but as God in the translated versions of the Bible. This suggests that the translators put more priority on the characteristics of the honored agent among the three usage norms. <4> In John, Jesus’ sayings are translated based on two different domains: sayings in public or inclusive incidents and in individual or concrete incidents. Okotaeninaru is used for the former whereas Kotaerareru for the latter. However, the amicable, neutral or adverse relationship between Jesus and interlocutors in conversation does not play any role in the translators’ selection of Okotaeninaru, Kotaerareru, and Iwareru.