경기만 해안 및 도서지역 상록활엽수 식재 타당성 연구

Abstract

A variety of development projects has been implemented in the coastal area of Gyeonggi Bay, and parks and green areas have been actively established. Important planted tree species include Pinus thunbergii Parl. while the predominant planting of deciduous broad-leaf trees, which can grow in coastal areas, demonstrates the limitations of reducing environmental hazards in coastal areas such as drifting salty sand, salinity, and strong winds. Accordingly, it is becoming increasingly important to introduce an evergreen broad-leaf tree for the diversity of coastal vegetation landscapes and the reduction of environmental damage. This study investigated the feasibility of planting evergreen broad-leaf trees in Gyeonggi Bay through a climate analysis. The warmth index of key locations ranged from 98.89℃·month∼109.29℃·month while the coldness index ranged from -15.43℃·month∼-21.14℃·month. This proved that Gyeonggi Bay was not suitable for evergreen broad-leaf trees to grow as the warmth index for the growth of evergreen broad-leaf trees ranges from 101℃·month∼117℃·month, and the coldness index is -10℃·month or higher. Although the coastal areas of Gyeonggi Bay were not suitable for the growth of evergreen broad-leaf trees, evergreen broad-leaf trees lived in some parts of the area. There were different levels of growth and 9 families, 15 species, and 1 race were found growing in 74 locations. To introduce evergreen broad-leaf trees into Gyeonggi Bay, an analysis of the environmental factors of the growth locations and the conditions of the growth was necessary. A common trait with the environmental factors of the growth locations was that these locations were less affected by cold snaps in the winter, and accordingly, this study identified the levels of reduced wind and temperature through simulations. After categorizing the spatial characteristics of each growth location and simulating temperature and wind flow velocity at each location, it was discovered that a wind flow velocity of 8.6m/sec recorded in the coastal area was alleviated to 5m/sec∼7m/sec when the wind reached the areas where evergreen broad-leaf trees grew. However, this depended on surrounding factors including buildings and distance from the coastline. It was also discovered that species that grew in contact with buildings had a temperature increase of 1.1℃∼3.4℃ due to the radiant heat released from buildings. An analysis of the correlation between simulation results and the state of growth demonstrated that the wind flow velocity that reached each growth location had the largest effect on the growth of evergreen broad-leaf trees. This study reached a conclusion that considering the enclosure of buildings, the blockage of wind, and the establishment of buffer forests, planting evergreen broad-leaf trees in the coastal area of Gyeonggi Bay requires a wind flow velocity of less than 7m/sec and a minimum temperature of no more than -18.0℃ during a cold snap in winter.