도시 및 농·어촌지역 복부비만 영향요인 : 2019년과 2020년 비교

Abstract

Obesity is on the rise worldwide and is known to be highly related to metabolic disorders. In particular, risk factors for metabolic disorders are evaluated through the distribution of body fat around the waist, and the likelihood of developing abdominal obesity increases when people are sedentary for long periods with low activity levels and high energy intake. In 2020, the first year of the outbreak of COVID-19, the number of obese patients increased due to the suspension of school attendance, closure of sports facilities, restrictions on physical activity, increased sedentary lifestyles such as watching TV and a decline in outdoor activities. This effect is due to discriminatory factors such as the structure of economic activities, the average age of the region’s population, and regional infrastructure. Factors affecting abdominal obesity vary depending on urban and rural areas. This study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted in 2019 and 2020 before and after the outbreak of COVID-19. According to the Korean Society of Obesity, a waist circumference of more than 90 cm for men and more than 85 cm for women was classified as abdominal obesity in 2019. The analysis was conducted on 2,640 people in 2020 and 2,057 in 2020. As a result of the study, regional differences in factors related to abdominal obesity between urban and rural were observed in terms of gender, stress, economic activity, and aerobic physical activity. There were no significant differences in urban areas, but in rural areas, there was a difference in 2020 compared to 2019. Additionally, in cases where people felt they had activity restrictions, abdominal obesity 2020 compared to 2019, increased in urban areas and decreased in rural areas. The existence of regional disparities in adult obesity rates requires analysis of differences such as the geographical characteristics of the region, public transportation usage environment, walking exercise environment, population composition ratio, socioeconomic income activities, and leisure activities. Yet, in this study, It was possible to distinguish factors related to the risk of abdominal obesity in urban areas and rural and fishing areas based solely on the results of the sociodemographic and health behavior factors that could be identified. The results of this study will serve as primary data for education and policy establishment on the importance of abdominal obesity management considering the differences in regional population structure and economic activity structure.