유아를 위한 지속가능발전교육(ESD) 기반 갯벌 체험학습 프로그램 개발

Abstract

This study aimed to develop a tidal flat experiential learning program based on sustainable development education for young children. The research methodology was as follows: The study began with an analysis of the necessity for sustainable development education in early childhood, including a review of relevant literature and the 2019 Revised Nuri Curriculum, followed by the selection of program drafts, evaluation of their validity, and final program selection. The necessity for sustainable development education in early childhood was analyzed by examining child development, sustainable development issues in early childhood education, and educational needs, along with a review of the literature and an analysis of the 2019 Revised Nuri Curriculum to establish a theoretical basis. Based on this, the program was developed and its validity was verified through discussions with related experts. Through this process, the final program was developed. The results of this study are as follows: First, the necessity of the program development was highlighted by the need to provide knowledge and skills for sustainable development in the environment, economy, and society. It suggested that initiating Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) in early childhood is effective from a developmental appropriateness perspective. In early childhood, ESD should leverage children's natural curiosity and passion for learning, teaching the fundamental concepts of sustainability in an integrated manner. It also implied the importance of fostering cooperation and social interaction, guiding children to take appropriate actions on complex sustainability issues through a balanced understanding of the environment, society, and economy. Second, for program’s construction, the content of the 2019 Revised Nuri Curriculum related to sustainable development goals was analyzed. This analysis revealed that it could be linked to objectives like health and wellbeing, quality education, gender equality, decent work and economic growth, sustainable cities and communities, responsible consumption and production, climate action, protection of marine ecosystems, and fostering peaceful and inclusive societies. The study clarified that the program is based on a clear foundation of sustainable development goals by analyzing the Nuri curriculum contents in relation to tidal flat experiential education. Third, the objectives and goals of the program were established based on the necessity of ESD and the analysis of the Nuri curriculum. The learning model to realize these objectives was presented in three stages: Discovering, Learning Together, and Sharing and Expressing. Finally, the necessity of developing this experiential learning program based on sustainable development for young children and the analysis of the 2019 Revised Nuri Curriculum led to the creation of the program, which consists of 12 activities. In summary, the study highlights the significance of developing a tidal flat experiential learning program based on sustainable development, reflecting contemporary societal needs, particularly in environmental awareness and sustainability. It emphasizes the importance of initiating Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) from early childhood, serving as a pivotal example of integrating theory and practice in educational settings. This approach demonstrates the practical application of ESD principles in early education, potentially impacting children's long-term understanding and attitudes towards sustainability. Additionally, the study provides a model for integrative sustainability education in early childhood, extending beyond theoretical concepts to offer a practical framework for environmental education, which can shape children's comprehensive understanding and positive attitudes and behaviors towards the environment and society from a young age.